New data on Aegilops uniaristata Vis. (syn.: Triticum uniaristatum (Vis.) K. Richt.) in Apulia are given. A new locality of A. uniaristata in Apulia on the Adriatic coast of the Italian Peninsula is discovered. The taxon was already known from the Mediterranean East and Croatian coasts. A. uniaristata is deemed relevant and is included into the Regional Red List of plants (Apulia) as endangered (EN) and into the Red Book of Croatian vascular flora as near threatened (NT).U radu se donose novi podaci o Aegilops uniaristata Vis. (syn.: Triticum uniaristatum (Vis.) K. Richt.) u regiji Apuliji. Zabilježeno je novo nalazište A. uniaristata u Apuliji na obali Jadranskoga mora. Svojta je već poznata s obala istočnog Sredozemlja i Hrvatske. A. uniaristata je procijenjena važnom i kao takva je uključena u Regionalni crveni popis biljaka (Apulija) kao ugrožena te u Crvenu knjigu vaskularne flore Hrvatske kao niskorizična vrsta (NT)

Enrico Vito Perrino

Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia

original scientific paper / izvorni znanstveni radNEW DATA ON AEGILOPS UNIARISTATAVIS. IN ITALYENRICO VITO PERRINOUniversity of Bari, Botanical Garden Museum, E. Orabona street 4,70126 Bari, Italy (enricoperrino@yahoo.it)Perrino, E. V.: New data on Aegilops uniaristata Vis. in Italy. Nat. Croat., Vol. 20, No. 1.,117–123, 2011, Zagreb.New data on Aegilops uniaristata Vis. (syn.: Triticum uniaristatum (Vis.) K. Richt.) in Apulia aregiven. A new locality of A. uniaristata in Apulia on the Adriatic coast of the Italian Peninsula is dis-covered. The taxon was already known from the Mediterranean East and Croatian coasts. A. uni-aristata is deemed relevant and is included into the Regional Red List of plants (Apulia) as endan-gered (EN) and into the Red Book of Croatian vascular flora as near threatened (NT).Key words: new data, distribution, Aegilops uniaristata Vis., Apulia RegionPerrino, E. V.: Novi podaci o vrsti Aegilops uniaristata Vis. u Italiji. Nat. Croat., Vol. 20, No.1., 117–123, 2011, Zagreb.U radu se donose novi podaci o Aegilops uniaristata Vis. (syn.: Triticum uniaristatum (Vis.) K.Richt.) u regiji Apuliji. Zabilje`eno je novo nalazi{te A. uniaristata u Apuliji na obali Jadranskogamora. Svojta je ve} poznata s obala isto~nog Sredozemlja i Hrvatske. A. uniaristata je procijenjenava`nom i kao takva je uklju~ena u Regionalni crveni popis biljaka (Apulija) kao ugro`ena te uCrvenu knjigu vaskularne flore Hrvatske kao niskorizi~na vrsta (NT).Klju~ne rije~i: novi podaci, rasprostranjenost, Aegilops uniaristata Vis., regija ApulijaINTRODUCTIONIn the flora of Europe (TUTIN & HUMPHRIES, 1980), Aegilops L. is represented by10 species. The revision of the genus Aegilops regarding its genome and taxonomygives a total of 27 specific and intraspecific taxa (VAN SLAGEREN, 1994; ^EREPANOV,1996). It is worth to mention that some authors, such as HAYEK (1932) and CONTI etal. (2005), included A. in the Triticum genus. However, the majority of botanists,whether they agree with this nomenclature or not, continue to refer to Aegilops.There are six species of Aegilops in the Croatian flora (FLORA CROATICA DATA-BASE, 2004), and three of them (A. cylindrica Host, A. neglecta Req. ex Bertol., A.uniaristata Vis.) are near threatened (NT) (NIKOLI] & TOPI], 2005). In Italy, there areknown eight species of the genus Aegilops (PIGNATTI, 1982). Regarding Aegilops,Apulia is the richest Italian region, with seven species (A. biuncialis Vis., A. cylindrica,NAT. CROAT. VOL. 20 No 1 117¿123 ZAGREB June 30, 2011Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, Zagreb, CroatiaA. neglecta, A. geniculata Roth, A. triuncialis L., A. ventricosa Tausch and A. uniaristataVis.). Recently, in Italy A. ventricosa has been included into A. fragilis Parl. (CONTI etal., 2005). Six of the Italian A. species (A. biuncialis, A. cylindrica, A. fragilis, A.neglecta, A. uniaristata and A. triuncialis) are included in IUCN categories and 4 ofthem (A. biuncialis, A. fragilis, A. uniaristata and A. ventricosa) grow in Apulia. A.biuncialis and A. fargilis are critically endangered, while A. ventricosa is protected bylaw. A. uniaristata is marked as an endangered species (EN) and as such is listed inthe Regional Red List plants of Apulia (CONTI et al., 1992; 1997) and as at risk of ex-tinction in the Atlas of Species (SCOPPOLA & SPAMPINATO, 2005).A. uniaristata is a species widespread throughout Eastern Mediterranean coun-tries: Croatia, Greece (islands included), Albania and Italy (HAYEK, 1932; VISIANI,1852; DAVIS, 1986; VAN SLAGEREN, 1994). According to the recent work VascularFlora of Turkey (SEMIZ & CELIK, 2005) A. uniaristata does not occur in this country.In addition, A. uniaristata is also important for the environment in which it grows, acharacteristic type of vegetation that probably could be included into »Pseudo-steppewith grasses and annuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea« (code *6220), a priority habitat ofdirective habitat 92/43 CEE (European Commission, 1992; European CommissionDG Environment, 2007; SAN MIGUEL, 2008).METHODSFor identification of plants the floras of PIGNATTI (1982) and TUTIN et al. (1980)were used, but for Aegilops species only the monograph by VAN SLAGEREN (1994)was considered. The nomenclature matches that of CONTI et al. (2005), except forthe genus Aegilops following VAN SLAGEREN (1994).Herbarium specimens of A. uniaristata were deposited in the Herbarium of Bo-tanical Garden Museum, University of Bari.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe most recent studies of Croatian flora, such as those in Krka National Park(MILOVI] & MITI], 2009), Vrgada island and surrounding islets (PILJAC-KOSOVI] &PAND@A, 2009) and of Istrian grasses (VITASOVI] KOSI] & BRITVEC, 2005), indicatethe presence of Aegilops neglecta Req. ex Bertol., and (for the last two areas only) ofA. triuncialis, but not of A. uniaristata, which confirms its limited presence in onlysome localities of Southern Istria (Montecchio, V. Bado, Altura, Pula/Pola, V. Ban-don, Siki}, Vinkuran, etc.) (FREYN, 1978). A. uniaristata is absent also from the VelaKluda islands (VLADOVI] et al., 2001).In Italy, A. uniaristata is reported only in the Apulia and Basilicata regions, whileit is uncertain in Calabria (CONTI et al., 2005). Previously, this taxon was consideredexclusive to Apulia (PIGNATTI, 1982), and present only at one locality, Leucaspide(Taranto) (GROVES, 1887). Later it was reported for other localities, with a goodrange of distribution: south eastern Murge (Taranto), Laterza ravine and near Pia-nelle wood (Martina Franca), between Spongano, Surano (Lecce) (BIANCO et al.,1989), Rauccio wood (Lecce), Santa Cesarea Terme (MARCHIORI et al., 1993) and118 Perrino, E. V.: New data on Aegilops uniaristata Vis. in Italymore recently in an olive grove between Maruggio and Manduria (Taranto) (CAFORIO& MARCHIORI, 2006), and Veglie (Lecce) (Medagli, Herbarium Lupiensis LEC). Theonly data for the Basilicata region are those from Lucignano wood, near Matera(MEDAGLI & GAMBETTA, 2003).The presence of this species at the border of a monumental olive grove insidethe Coastal Dune between Torre Canne (Fasano) and Torre San Leonardo (Brindisi)is a locality of considerable interest in Apulia, because it is located on the Adriatic-coast, the second such location after that of Rauccio (Fig. 1). The population wasidentified from only a few individuals, one of which was collected and is preservedin the Herbarium Horti Botanici Barensis (BI) (Fig. 2). The geographic coordinates ofthe collection site are: (UTM – WGS 84): N 4641488; E 578521.The new station of A. uniaristata (Fig. 3) fits into a unique landscape, which isrich in ecological infrastructure (Fig. 4) of other species of conservation interest,such as Stipa austroitalica Martinovský subsp. austroitalica, Helianthemum jonium La-caita, Crepis corymbosa Ten. and two amphi-Adriatic species: Asyneuma limonifolium(L.) Janch. subsp. limonifolium and Scrophularia lucida L. (PERRINO et al., 2009).The vegetation context in which the newly found plants grow presents a mosaicof shrubs, to evergreen sclerophyllous, low chamaephytic garrigues and annual mea-dows. The first coenosis is rich in heliophilous elements and correspond to the alli-ance Oleo-Ceratonion siliquae Br.-Bl. 1936 em. Rivas Martínez 1975, with Myrtus com-munis L., Pistacia lentiscus L., Rhamnus alaternus L., and with the subordinated presenceof some deciduous shrubs as Anagyris foetida L., Calicotome villosa (Poir.) Link, Pyrusspinosa Forssk. and Spartium junceum L. The chamaephytic garrigues occur whereNat. Croat. Vol. 20(1), 2011 119Fig. 1. New sites of Aegilops uniaristata Vis., including the new location on the AdriaticSea coast, in the Apulia region and Eastern Mediterranean area (map in the back: vanSlageren, 1994).120 Perrino, E. V.: New data on Aegilops uniaristata Vis. in ItalyFig. 2. Herbarium specimen 35682 of Aegilops uniaristata Vis., syn.: Triticum uniaristatum(Herbarium Horti Botanici Barensis).Fig. 3. Aegilops uniaristata Vis. at the new Apulia site.bare rock provides groupings of Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link or Saturejacuneifolia Ten., both referring to the alliance Cisto-Ericion Horvati} 1958. In the Medi-terranean environment most of the therophytic meadows refer to two alliances ofBrachypodietalia distachyi Rivas-Martínez 1978: Hypochoerion achyrophori BIONDI & GUERRA2008, of the central Europe-Mediterranean and Brachypodion distachyi Rivas-Martínez1978, of the western Mediterranean. In the olive tree grove there were two kinds ofmeadows observed, referring to the alliance Hypochoerion achyrophori. The first one isdominated by Stipa capensis Thunb., which seems to prefer substrates rich in organicmatter, and the second by Trachynia distachya (L.) Link which identifies a coenosisless exigent in organic matter concentration (BIONDI & GUERRA 2008). The floristiccomposition of this vegetation is made up of: Aegilops geniculata Roth subsp. genicu-lata, Aegilops uniaristata Vis., Ajuga iva (L.) Schreber, Briza maxima L., Crepis corymbosaTen., Cynosurus echinatus L., Echium parviflorum Moench, Euphorbia exigua L. subsp.exigua, Filago pygmaea L., Hypochaeris achyrophorus L., Linum strictum L., Lotus ornitho-podioides L., Medicago minima L., Medicago truncatula Gaertn., Onobrychis aequidentata(Sm.) D’Urv., Ononis reclinata L., Scorpiurus muricatus L., Sideritis romana L. subsp.romana, Stipa capensis Thunb., Trachynia distachya (L.) Link, Trifolium campestre Schreb.,Trifolium scabrum L., Trifolium stellatum L., Valantia muralis L., Valerianella muricata(Stev. ex M. Bieb.) J.W. Loudon and Vulpia ligustica (All.) Link.CONCLUSIONBefore the discoveries by MARCHIORI et al. (1993) and PERRINO et al. (2009), in It-aly and particularly in Apulia, other sites of A. uniaristata were identified by VANSLAGEREN (1994), all of them situated in the hinterland or in areas influenced by theIonian Sea, but never referring to the Adriatic coast. It is not surprising consideringthe floristic affinity between the East and West coast of the Adriatic Sea. Regardingto the ecological aspect of the species, one has to remark that the edge of an oliveNat. Croat. Vol. 20(1), 2011 121Fig. 4. An example of the habitat of Aegilops uniaristata Vis. in Apulia.tree grove is one of its favourite habitats (PERRINO et al., 2009; VAN SLAGEREN, 2004)and that a clearing in a wood creates a good environment for its development.The results of the present work taken together with the lack of floristic data forlong stretches of the coast (ALBANO et al., 2005), except that of Monopoli (PERRINO& SIGNORILE, 2009), suggest new field works are needed. In fact, A. uniaristata seemsto be more widespread along the Adriatic coast of Apulia than one would expect.For these reasons, on the basis of the present findings, in the future one shouldinvestigate in the following three directions: i) checking if A. uniaristata has »al-ways« been there and was just overlooked by previous botanists; ii) checking if »re-cent« environmental and climatic changes have created new ecological niches forthe species; iii) checking if the species has developed special adaptation to and col-onization of new ecological niches. Since none of these three cases can be excluded,one should promote more research in the field, along the coast of Apulia, to searchfor new sites, and in the lab, for checking the taxonomy of specimens at the mor-phological and molecular level. Genetic variability correlated with environmentalconditions may show special adaptation patterns. The results of this new studycould suggest changes in the taxonomical status of the investigated species andprovide new information on the interactions between wild (Aegilops) and cultivated(Olea) species.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe author wishes to express his thanks to the Botanical Garden Museum ofBari, for the grant of the sample image from the Herbarium and the referees forvaluable comments and suggestions on the manuscript.Received April 7, 2010REFERENCESALBANO, A., ACCOGLI, R., MARCHIORI, S., MEDAGLI, P. & MELE, C., 2005: Stato delle conoscenzefloristiche in Puglia. In: SCOPPOLA, A. & BLASI, C., Stato delle Conoscenze sulla Flora Vascolared’Italia, 185–189. Palombi Editore, Roma.BIANCO, P., MEDAGLI, P. & D’EMERICO, S., 1989: Nuovi dati distributivi e osservazioni morfologichesu Aegilops uniaristata Vis. (Gramineae), entità mediterraneo-orientale riaccertata per la flora ita-liana. Webbia, 43 (1), 19–24.BIONDI, E., & GUERRA, V., 2008: Vegetazione e paesaggio vegetale delle gravine dell’arco jonico.Fitosociologia, (45) 1 (suppl. 1), 57–125.CAFORIO, F. & MARCHIORI, S., 2006: Nuove segnalazioni e specie rare per la flora infestante le colturedella Puglia). Inform. Bot. Ital., 38 (1), 37–40.^EREPANOV, S. K., 1996. Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent Countries. Cambridge UniversityPress, Cambridge, UK.CONTI, F., ABBATE, G., ALESSANDRINI, G. & BLASI, C., 2005: An Annotated Checklist of the Italian Vas-cular Flora. Palombi Editori, Roma.CONTI, F., MANZI, A. & PEDROTTI, F., 1992: Libro Rosso delle Piante d’Italia. World Wildlife Fund(WWF) Italia. Società Botanica Italiana (SBI). Ministero Ambiente. Roma, pp 637.CONTI, F., MANZI, A. & PEDROTTI, F., 1997: Liste Rosse Regionali delle Piante d’Italia. World WildlifeFund (WWF) Italia. Società Botanica Italiana (SBI). Centro Interdipartimentale Audiovisivi eStampa, Univ. Camerino, pp 139.122 Perrino, E. V.: New data on Aegilops uniaristata Vis. in ItalyDAVIS, P. H. (ed), 1986: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands, vol. 9, 239–240.European Commission DG Environment, 2007: Interpretation manual of European Union habitats(version EUR27). European Commission DG Environment, Brussels.European Commission, 1992: Council Directive 92/43 CEE on the conservation of natural habitatsand of wild fauna and flora: European Community Gazzette 206, 1–50. http://ec.europa.eu/en-vironment/nature/home.htm.Flora Croatica Database, 2004: Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb.http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/Search.aspx.GROVES, E., 1887: Flora della costa meridionale della Terra d’Otranto. Giorn. Bot. Ital., 19, 110–219.HAYEK, A. VON, 1932: Prodromus Florae peninsulae Balcanicae. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih.30 (3), 226.MARCHIORI, S., MEDAGLI, P., SABATO, S. & RUGGIERO, L., 1993: Remarques chorologiques sur quelquestaxa nouveaux ou rares dans le Salento (Pouilles, Italie). Inform. Bot. Ital., 25 (1), 37–45.MEDAGLI, P. & GAMBETTA, G., 2003: Guida alla Flora del Parco. Parco Regionale della Murgia Mate-rana, Matera.MILOVI], M. & MITI], B., 2009: A contribution to the knowledge of vascular flora of Krka NationalPark. Nat. Croat., 18 (2), 335–352.NIKOLI], T. & TOPI], J., 2005: Crvena knjiga vaskularne flore Hrvatske. Red Data Book of VascularFlora of Croatia. Ministarstvo kulture, Dr`avni zavod za za{titu prirode, Zagreb, 1–693.PERRINO, E.V. & SIGNORILE G., 2009: Costa di Monopoli (Puglia): check-list della flora vascolare. In-form. Bot. Ital., 41 (2), 263–279.PERRINO, E.V., VITI, R., CALABRESE, J. & LADISA, G., 2009: Biodiversità floristica di uliveti secolaripugliesi: risultati preliminari. Abstract, 104° Congress of Italian Botany Society, Campobasso16th-18th September 2009, p. 230.PIGNATTI, S., 1982: Flora d’Italia, vol. 1–3. Edagricole, Bologna.PILJAC-KOSOVI], L. & PAND@A, M., 2009: Flora of the Island of Vrgada and the surrounding islets.Nat. Croat., 18 (2), 309–333.SAN MIGUEL, A., 2008: Management of Natura 2000 habitats. 6220 »*Pseudo-steppe with grasses andannuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea«. European Commission.SCOPPOLA, A. & SPAMPINATO, G., 2005: Atlante delle specie a rischio di estinzione. Versione 1.0.CD-Rom enclosed to the volume. In: SCOPPOLA, A., & BLASI, C. (eds.), Stato delle conoscenzesulla flora vascolare d’Italia. Palombi Editori. Roma.SEMIZ, G. & CELIK, A., 2005: Flora of Mt Aydogdu (Denizli/Turkey). Nat. Croat., 14 (3), 185–212.TUTIN T.G. & HUMPHRIES C.J.: Aegilops L. In: TUTIN, T.G., HEYWOOD, V.H., BURGES, N.A., MOORE,D.M., VALENTINE, D.H., WALTERS, S.M. & WEBB, D.A., 1980: Flora Europea, 5, 200–203, 1st ed.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.VAN SLAGEREN, M. W., 1994: Wild wheats: a monograph of Aegilops L. and Amblyopyrum (Jaub. &Spach) Eig (Poaceae). Wagningen Agricoltural University, International Center for AgricolturalResearch in the Dry Areas, 9 (7), pp. 513.VISIANI (de), R., 1852: Flora Dalmatica. 3, 345, Lipsiae.VITASOVI] KOSI], I. & BRITVEC, M., 2005: Floristic characteristics of pastures on family farms in Istria.Nat. Croat., 14 (4), 273–287.VLADOVI], D., [UNJARA, V., PAVLOV, M. & BA^I], T., 2001: Vascular flora of the Island of Vela Kluda.Nat. Croat., 10 (1), 19–31.Nat. Croat. Vol. 20(1), 2011 123

Novi podaci o vrsti Aegilops uniaristata Vis. u Italiji

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia