Croatian Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Croatian Society of Perinatal Medicine of Croatian Medical Association
Abstract
SAŽETAK. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi učestalost primjene alkohola, nikotina i opojnih droga u trudnoći, kao i učestalost kongenitalnih malformacija kod djece koja su in utero bila izložena djelovanju ovih ksenobiotika. Jedan dio istraživanja obavljen je u Novom Sadu u Klinici za ginekologiju i akušerstvo, Genetskom savetovalištu i Zavodu za patologiju i histologiju. Drugi dio istraživanja obavljen je u četiri zagrebačka rodilišta. Metode. Istraživanje je provođeno putem jednostavno strukturiranog standardiziranog upitnika koji se sastojao od dva dijela: intervjua majke i bolničkih podataka. Analizirane su samo one trudnice koje su koristile alkohol, nikotin i opojne droge tijekom trudnoće. Konačna analiza je obuhvatila 855 (707+148) trudnica. Nakon poroda ili pobačaja, novorođenčad i fetusi su detaljno pregledani te je praćena pojava minor ili major malformacija. Rezultati. Analizom podataka ustanovljeno je da je od 6992 (6099+893) ispitivanih trudnica 855 (12,2%) koristilo navedene ksenobiotike u trudnoći. Alkohol je koristila 21 (0,3%) trudnica, cigarete 829 (11,8%) i opojne droge 5 (0,1%) trudnica. Malformacije su nađene u 105 (12,3%) fetusa i novorođenčadi. Zaključak. Na osnovu ovih rezultata ne možemo sa sigurnošću tvrditi što je pravi uzrok nađenih malformacija, ali primjenu alkohola, ¬nikotina i opojnih droga tijekom trudnoće u svakom slučaju treba izbjegavati.Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of alcohol, nicotine and opioid substance use in pregnancy, and the rate of congenital malformations in children at in utero exposure to these xenobiotics. Methods. One part of the study (one year study) was performed at University Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Genetic Counseling Unit, and Department of Pathology and Histology in Novi Sad, Serbia. The other part of the study (one month study) was performed at four maternity hospitals in Zagreb, Croatia. Only pregnant women using alcohol, nicotine and opioid substances during pregnancy were included in the study. Final analysis included data on 855 (707+148) pregnant women. Following delivery or abortion, the newborns and fetuses were thoroughly examined and followed-up for the occurrence of minor or major malformations. Pregnant women were studied by questionnaire at the moment of birth. Questionnaire was consisted by two types of data: interview of parturient woman and hospital records. Results. Data ¬analysis showed the use of studied xenobiotics during pregnancy in 855 (12,2%) of 6992 (6099+893) women: alcohol in 21 (0,3%), cigarette smoking in 829 (11,9%) and opioid substances in 5 (0,1%) women. Malformations were found in 105 (12,3%) fetuses and newborns. The rate of congenital malformations exceeded their prevalence in the general population. Conclusion. Based on these results, the true cause of these malformations could not be definitely identified; however, the use of alcohol, nicotine and opioid substances during pregnancy should be avoided
