New, as well as already known localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana species in Croatia, are listed in the paper. The new localities are situated in Gornja Stubica (Hrvatsko Zagorje) and Rakov Potok, to the east of Samobor. The species grows in the scope of meadow and grass vegetation in these localities.Navode se nova, kao i dosad poznata nalazišta vrste Sisyrinchium bermudiana u Hrvatskoj. Nova su nalazišta Gornja Stubica u Hrvatskom Zagorju i Rakov Potok istočno od Samobora. Na tim lokalitetima navedena vrsta raste u sastavu livadne i travnjačke vegetacije

Ivo Trinajstić

Mihaela Britvec

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ISSN 1330-0520UDK 582.579.2:581.95(497.5)NEW LOCALITIES OF THE Sisyrinchium bermudianaL. (Iridaceae) SPECIES IN CROATIAMIHAELA BRITVEC1 & IVO TRINAJSTI]21Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Sveto{imunska 25, Zagreb2Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Sveto{imunska 25, ZagrebBritvec, M. & I. Trinajsti}: New localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Iridaceae) spe-cies in Croatia, Nat. Croat., Vol. 8, No. 1., 49–54, 1999, ZagrebNew, as well as already known localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana species in Croatia, arelisted in the paper. The new localities are situated in Gornja Stubica (Hrvatsko Zagorje) and RakovPotok, to the east of Samobor. The species grows in the scope of meadow and grass vegetation inthese localities.Key words: Sisyrinchium bermudiana, new localities, CroatiaBritvec, M. & I. Trinajsti}: Nova nalazi{ta Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Iridaceae) u Hrvatskoj,Nat. Croat., Vol. 8, No. 1., 49–54, 1999, ZagrebNavode se nova, kao i dosad poznata nalazi{ta vrste Sisyrinchium bermudiana u Hrvatskoj. Novasu nalazi{ta Gornja Stubica u Hrvatskom Zagorju i Rakov Potok isto~no od Samobora. Na tim lo-kalitetima navedena vrsta raste u sastavu livadne i travnja~ke vegetacije.Klju~ne rije~i: Sisyrinchium bermudiana, nova nalazi{ta, HrvatskaINTRODUCTIONIn the course of floristic investigations in Hrvatsko Zagorje and Samobor in thespring of 1998, we encountered some new localities of Sisyrinchium bermudiana L.Since S. bermudiana is relatively rare in Croatian flora, each new locality of this mostinteresting species deserves due attention.According to ASCHERSON & GRAEBNER (1905–1907), the genus Sisyrinchium en-compasses 60 species, while, according to MELCHIOR (1964), it encompasses 80 spe-cies spread across both the Americas. According to INGRAM (1980), three NorthernAmerican species are spread in Europe: Sisyrinchium bermudiana L., S. montanum E.L. Greene, and S. californicum (Ker-Gawler) Aiton fil.NAT. CROAT. VOL. 8 No 1 49¿54 ZAGREB March 31, 1999Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, Zagreb, CroatiaFor a rather long time (PEVALEK, 1915; PAVLETI] et al., 1980; HULINA, 1998), theopinion prevailed that the species found in Europe was Sisyrinchium angustifoliumMiller. However, it turned out that the morphological description according toASCHERSON & GRAEBNER (1905–1907) fully corresponded to Sisyrinchium bermudianadescribed by Linné.As regards relations between the two taxa: Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. andSisyrinchium angustifolium Miller, there are two opinions. According to INGRAM(1980), Sisyrinchium angustifolium Miller is a synonym for the species Sisyrinchiumbermudiana L. However, PIGNATTI (1982) is of the opinion that the two taxa: Sisyrin-chium bermudiana L. and Sisyrinchium angustifolium Miller are not synonymous, andthat, as regards nomenclature, their relation would be as follows: Sisyrinchium ber-mudiana L. (= Sisyrinchium angustifolium Auct. Fl. Europ. vix Miller).Morphological characteristics of Sisyrinchium bermudiana L.Sisyrinchium bermudiana is a perennial with a trailing rhizome. It has a delicategreen winged stalk 20–30 i.e. 35 cm high, and narrow leaves, very similar to theleaves of grass. The inflorescence contains several (1–4) small flowers. The perianthsegment is light blue, whitish-ashen on the outside, its diameter being up to 15mm, with a very short tube (Fig. 1). The plant flourishes from the end of May tomid June, with its modest and barely noticeable flowers. It is interesting that theflowers open around 10 a.m. and close as soon as the early afternoon hours. Thefruits of S. bermudiana are spherical capsules 3–4 mm in diameter, located in the up-per part of the stalk on longer or shorter peduncles.Due to its morphological characteristics, the plant is very easily overlooked, par-ticularly if it has no inflorescence.Sisyrinchium bermudiana in Croatian floraThe species Sisyrinchium bermudiana was, under the name of Sisyrinchium angusti-folium, discovered in the flora of Croatian as early as 1915 by Ivo Pevalek, near theformer Samobor railway station in Podsused (PEVALEK, 1915). For a long time, it re-mained the only locality of the species in Croatia – probably, among other things,because the data on the new localities of S. bermudiana were never published. TheBotanical Garden Herbarium of the Faculty of Natural Sciences and MathematicsUniversity of Zagreb (ZA) holds specimens of species from Sutinska vrela nearPodsused, picked by Vale Vouk (PAVLETI] et al., 1980).More recently, in the list of all known localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudianataxon, also under the name of Sisyrinchium angustifolium Miller, PAVLETI] et al.(1980) and HULINA (1998), besides the two aforementioned localities near Samobor,also mention the following localities: Ludvi} potok near Samobor, Stojdraga in@umberak, Rauhova lugarnica and Kraljev Vrh on Mount Medvednica, Kupjak inGorski Kotar, Mali Troglav on Mount Dinara, as well as two localities in the hillssurrounding Samobor (Lavova draga, Draginja brdo).50 Britvec, M. & Trinajsti}, I.: New localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana. L. (Iridaceae) species in CroatiaRESULTS & DISCUSSIONIn the course of our floristic investigations in spring 1998, we found the Sisyrin-chium bermudiana species in the area of Gornja Stubica, formerly unknown in thisparticular locality. The species was also present, if poorly developed, in the area ofRakov Potok near Samobor.All the hitherto known, as well as new, locations of Sisyrinchium bermudiana, areshown in Fig. 2, based on the network for the floristic mapping of Croatia (NIKOLI]et al., 1998).By studying the known localities, it can be ascertained that Sisyrinchium bermudi-ana is found and spread in the scope of meadow vegetation. According to the datasupplied by OBERDORFER (1970) and ROTHMALER (1971), S. bermudiana is developedin the periodically wet meadows of the Molinion alliance.On the territory of Croatia, Sisyrinchium bermudiana grows within very differentvegetation types. Thus, in the wider Zagreb area (Podsused and Kraljev Vrh), itNat. Croat. Vol. 8(1), 1999 51Fig. 1. Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Photo: I. Trinajsti})appears within the Ass. Bromo-Cynosuretum cristati, while in Samobor Hills (Drag-inja brdo), it appears within the Ass. Bromo-Plantaginetum mediae or Ass. Festuco-Agrosteti. In the new locality in Gornja Stubica, Sisyrinchium bermudiana growswithin the Ass. Arrhenatheretum elatioris.According to the above data, we may conclude that S. bermudiana has a rela-tively wide ecological appearance and is quite widespread in Croatia, while itreaches optimal development on the moderately wet meadows of the lowland andmountainous regions.Since, in Europe, Sisyrinchium bermudiana constitutes an anthropochoric species,according to the chronological classification of anthropochors (TRINAJSTI], 1975,52 Britvec, M. & Trinajsti}, I.: New localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana. L. (Iridaceae) species in CroatiaFig. 2. Distribution of Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. species in the Republic of Croatia The already known localities;  The new localities1977), it pertains to the group of americanoneophytes. According to SÜSSENGUTH(1939) Sisyrinchium bermudiana appears and behaves in certain localities as anephemerophyte. However, by studying the morphological properties of the species,and particularly its most characteristic inflorescence, we could say that the latterseems highly improbable.CONCLUSIONThe Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. species is a relatively rare plant in the flora ofCroatia, with only a small number of known localities.The paper deals with two new localities of S. bermudiana in Croatia (Gornja Stu-bica, Rakov Potok). Explorations of its distribution in Croatia so far carried outhave shown that it is spreading anthropogenically to the northwest.The presence of Sisyrinchium bermudiana in various types of meadow and grassvegetation points to the wide environmental range of the species in Croatia.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe wish to express special thanks to Toni Safner, degree candidate of ZagrebUniversity, Faculty of Agronomy, for laudable efforts invested in botanical research.Received August 5, 1998REFERENCESASCHERSON, P. & P. GRAEBNER, 1905–1907: Synopsis der Mitteleuropäischen Flora. Sisyrin-chium. 528–531. Verlag von Wilheim Engelmann. LeipzigHULINA, N., 1998: Nova nalazi{ta i rasprostranjenost nekih rijetkih biljnih vrsta u flori Hrvat-ske. Acta Bot. Croat. 55/56, 41–51.INGRAM, R., 1980: Sisyrinchium L. In: TUTIN T. G., W. H. HEYWOOD, N. A. BURGES, D. H.VALENTINE, S. M. WALTERS & D. A. WEBB (Eds.) 1964–1980: Flora Europaea, 5, 86–87. Cam-bridge Univ. Press. Cambridge.MELCHIOR, H., 1964: A. Engler’s Sylabus der Pflanzennamen, 2, Gebrüder Borntraeger. Berlin.NIKOLI], T., D. BUKOVEC, J. [OPF & S.-D. JELASKA, 1998: Kartiranje flore Hrvatske-mogu}nosti istandardi, Nat. Croat. 7(1), 1–62.OBERDORFER, E., 1970: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora für Süddeutschland und die an-grenzenden Gebiete. Stuttgart.PAVLETI], ZI., I. TRINAJSTI] & I. [UGAR, 1980: O rasprostranjenosti vrste Sisyrinchium angustifo-lium Mill. u Hrvatskoj., Acta Bot. Croat. 39, 171–174.PEVALEK, I., 1915: Sisyrinchium angustifolioum Mill. u Hrvatskoj. Prir. istra`. Jugosl. Akad. 7, 1–2.PIGNATTI, S., 1982: Flora d’Italia. Edagricole 3, 411.ROTHMALER, W., 1972: Exkursionflora. Berlin.SÜSSENGUTH, K., 1939: Monocotyledones. – In: HEGI, G., III Fl. Mitteleurop. 2, München.TRINAJSTI], I., 1975: Kronolo{ka klasifikacija antropohora s osvrtom na helenpaleofite Jadran-skog primorja Jugoslavije. Biosistematika 1, 79–85.TRINAJSTI], I., 1977: Chronological classification of the Athropochors. Fragm. Herbol. Jugosl. 2,27–31.Nat. Croat. Vol. 8(1), 1999 53SA@ E TAKNova nalazi{ta Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Iridaceae) u HrvatskojM. Britvec & I. Trinajsti}Tijekom floristi~kih istra`ivanja u prolje}e 1998. godine na podru~ju Gornje Stu-bice prona|ena je vrsta Sisyrinchium bermudiana L., koja na tom lokalitetu dosadnije bila poznata. Navedena vrsta na|ena je i na podru~ju Rakovog Potoka kraj Sa-mobora. Budu}i da je S. bermudiana relativno rijetka biljka hrvatske flore, svaki novinalaz te zanimljive vrste zaslu`uje pozornost.Iz dosada{njih se istra`ivanja rasprostranjenosti navedene biljke mo`e zaklju~itida se ona u Hrvatskoj {iri antropohorno prema sjeverozapadu.Prisutnost Sisyrinchium bermudiana u sastavu livadne i travnja~ke vegetacije raz-li~itih biljnih zajednica, ukazuje na {iroki ekolo{ki raspon ove vrste u Hrvatskoj.54 Britvec, M. & Trinajsti}, I.: New localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana. L. (Iridaceae) species in Croatia

Nova nalazišta Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Iridaceae) u Hrvatskoj

HRČAK - Portal of Croatian Scientific and Professional Journals

ISSN 1330-0520UDK 582.579.2:581.95(497.5)NEW LOCALITIES OF THE Sisyrinchium bermudianaL. (Iridaceae) SPECIES IN CROATIAMIHAELA BRITVEC1 & IVO TRINAJSTI]21Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Sveto{imunska 25, Zagreb2Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Sveto{imunska 25, ZagrebBritvec, M. & I. Trinajsti}: New localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Iridaceae) spe-cies in Croatia, Nat. Croat., Vol. 8, No. 1., 49–54, 1999, ZagrebNew, as well as already known localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana species in Croatia, arelisted in the paper. The new localities are situated in Gornja Stubica (Hrvatsko Zagorje) and RakovPotok, to the east of Samobor. The species grows in the scope of meadow and grass vegetation inthese localities.Key words: Sisyrinchium bermudiana, new localities, CroatiaBritvec, M. & I. Trinajsti}: Nova nalazi{ta Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Iridaceae) u Hrvatskoj,Nat. Croat., Vol. 8, No. 1., 49–54, 1999, ZagrebNavode se nova, kao i dosad poznata nalazi{ta vrste Sisyrinchium bermudiana u Hrvatskoj. Novasu nalazi{ta Gornja Stubica u Hrvatskom Zagorju i Rakov Potok isto~no od Samobora. Na tim lo-kalitetima navedena vrsta raste u sastavu livadne i travnja~ke vegetacije.Klju~ne rije~i: Sisyrinchium bermudiana, nova nalazi{ta, HrvatskaINTRODUCTIONIn the course of floristic investigations in Hrvatsko Zagorje and Samobor in thespring of 1998, we encountered some new localities of Sisyrinchium bermudiana L.Since S. bermudiana is relatively rare in Croatian flora, each new locality of this mostinteresting species deserves due attention.According to ASCHERSON & GRAEBNER (1905–1907), the genus Sisyrinchium en-compasses 60 species, while, according to MELCHIOR (1964), it encompasses 80 spe-cies spread across both the Americas. According to INGRAM (1980), three NorthernAmerican species are spread in Europe: Sisyrinchium bermudiana L., S. montanum E.L. Greene, and S. californicum (Ker-Gawler) Aiton fil.NAT. CROAT. VOL. 8 No 1 49¿54 ZAGREB March 31, 1999Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, Zagreb, CroatiaFor a rather long time (PEVALEK, 1915; PAVLETI] et al., 1980; HULINA, 1998), theopinion prevailed that the species found in Europe was Sisyrinchium angustifoliumMiller. However, it turned out that the morphological description according toASCHERSON & GRAEBNER (1905–1907) fully corresponded to Sisyrinchium bermudianadescribed by Linné.As regards relations between the two taxa: Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. andSisyrinchium angustifolium Miller, there are two opinions. According to INGRAM(1980), Sisyrinchium angustifolium Miller is a synonym for the species Sisyrinchiumbermudiana L. However, PIGNATTI (1982) is of the opinion that the two taxa: Sisyrin-chium bermudiana L. and Sisyrinchium angustifolium Miller are not synonymous, andthat, as regards nomenclature, their relation would be as follows: Sisyrinchium ber-mudiana L. (= Sisyrinchium angustifolium Auct. Fl. Europ. vix Miller).Morphological characteristics of Sisyrinchium bermudiana L.Sisyrinchium bermudiana is a perennial with a trailing rhizome. It has a delicategreen winged stalk 20–30 i.e. 35 cm high, and narrow leaves, very similar to theleaves of grass. The inflorescence contains several (1–4) small flowers. The perianthsegment is light blue, whitish-ashen on the outside, its diameter being up to 15mm, with a very short tube (Fig. 1). The plant flourishes from the end of May tomid June, with its modest and barely noticeable flowers. It is interesting that theflowers open around 10 a.m. and close as soon as the early afternoon hours. Thefruits of S. bermudiana are spherical capsules 3–4 mm in diameter, located in the up-per part of the stalk on longer or shorter peduncles.Due to its morphological characteristics, the plant is very easily overlooked, par-ticularly if it has no inflorescence.Sisyrinchium bermudiana in Croatian floraThe species Sisyrinchium bermudiana was, under the name of Sisyrinchium angusti-folium, discovered in the flora of Croatian as early as 1915 by Ivo Pevalek, near theformer Samobor railway station in Podsused (PEVALEK, 1915). For a long time, it re-mained the only locality of the species in Croatia – probably, among other things,because the data on the new localities of S. bermudiana were never published. TheBotanical Garden Herbarium of the Faculty of Natural Sciences and MathematicsUniversity of Zagreb (ZA) holds specimens of species from Sutinska vrela nearPodsused, picked by Vale Vouk (PAVLETI] et al., 1980).More recently, in the list of all known localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudianataxon, also under the name of Sisyrinchium angustifolium Miller, PAVLETI] et al.(1980) and HULINA (1998), besides the two aforementioned localities near Samobor,also mention the following localities: Ludvi} potok near Samobor, Stojdraga in@umberak, Rauhova lugarnica and Kraljev Vrh on Mount Medvednica, Kupjak inGorski Kotar, Mali Troglav on Mount Dinara, as well as two localities in the hillssurrounding Samobor (Lavova draga, Draginja brdo).50 Britvec, M. & Trinajsti}, I.: New localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana. L. (Iridaceae) species in CroatiaRESULTS & DISCUSSIONIn the course of our floristic investigations in spring 1998, we found the Sisyrin-chium bermudiana species in the area of Gornja Stubica, formerly unknown in thisparticular locality. The species was also present, if poorly developed, in the area ofRakov Potok near Samobor.All the hitherto known, as well as new, locations of Sisyrinchium bermudiana, areshown in Fig. 2, based on the network for the floristic mapping of Croatia (NIKOLI]et al., 1998).By studying the known localities, it can be ascertained that Sisyrinchium bermudi-ana is found and spread in the scope of meadow vegetation. According to the datasupplied by OBERDORFER (1970) and ROTHMALER (1971), S. bermudiana is developedin the periodically wet meadows of the Molinion alliance.On the territory of Croatia, Sisyrinchium bermudiana grows within very differentvegetation types. Thus, in the wider Zagreb area (Podsused and Kraljev Vrh), itNat. Croat. Vol. 8(1), 1999 51Fig. 1. Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Photo: I. Trinajsti})appears within the Ass. Bromo-Cynosuretum cristati, while in Samobor Hills (Drag-inja brdo), it appears within the Ass. Bromo-Plantaginetum mediae or Ass. Festuco-Agrosteti. In the new locality in Gornja Stubica, Sisyrinchium bermudiana growswithin the Ass. Arrhenatheretum elatioris.According to the above data, we may conclude that S. bermudiana has a rela-tively wide ecological appearance and is quite widespread in Croatia, while itreaches optimal development on the moderately wet meadows of the lowland andmountainous regions.Since, in Europe, Sisyrinchium bermudiana constitutes an anthropochoric species,according to the chronological classification of anthropochors (TRINAJSTI], 1975,52 Britvec, M. & Trinajsti}, I.: New localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana. L. (Iridaceae) species in CroatiaFig. 2. Distribution of Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. species in the Republic of Croatia The already known localities;  The new localities1977), it pertains to the group of americanoneophytes. According to SÜSSENGUTH(1939) Sisyrinchium bermudiana appears and behaves in certain localities as anephemerophyte. However, by studying the morphological properties of the species,and particularly its most characteristic inflorescence, we could say that the latterseems highly improbable.CONCLUSIONThe Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. species is a relatively rare plant in the flora ofCroatia, with only a small number of known localities.The paper deals with two new localities of S. bermudiana in Croatia (Gornja Stu-bica, Rakov Potok). Explorations of its distribution in Croatia so far carried outhave shown that it is spreading anthropogenically to the northwest.The presence of Sisyrinchium bermudiana in various types of meadow and grassvegetation points to the wide environmental range of the species in Croatia.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe wish to express special thanks to Toni Safner, degree candidate of ZagrebUniversity, Faculty of Agronomy, for laudable efforts invested in botanical research.Received August 5, 1998REFERENCESASCHERSON, P. & P. GRAEBNER, 1905–1907: Synopsis der Mitteleuropäischen Flora. Sisyrin-chium. 528–531. Verlag von Wilheim Engelmann. LeipzigHULINA, N., 1998: Nova nalazi{ta i rasprostranjenost nekih rijetkih biljnih vrsta u flori Hrvat-ske. Acta Bot. Croat. 55/56, 41–51.INGRAM, R., 1980: Sisyrinchium L. In: TUTIN T. G., W. H. HEYWOOD, N. A. BURGES, D. H.VALENTINE, S. M. WALTERS & D. A. WEBB (Eds.) 1964–1980: Flora Europaea, 5, 86–87. Cam-bridge Univ. Press. Cambridge.MELCHIOR, H., 1964: A. Engler’s Sylabus der Pflanzennamen, 2, Gebrüder Borntraeger. Berlin.NIKOLI], T., D. BUKOVEC, J. [OPF & S.-D. JELASKA, 1998: Kartiranje flore Hrvatske-mogu}nosti istandardi, Nat. Croat. 7(1), 1–62.OBERDORFER, E., 1970: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora für Süddeutschland und die an-grenzenden Gebiete. Stuttgart.PAVLETI], ZI., I. TRINAJSTI] & I. [UGAR, 1980: O rasprostranjenosti vrste Sisyrinchium angustifo-lium Mill. u Hrvatskoj., Acta Bot. Croat. 39, 171–174.PEVALEK, I., 1915: Sisyrinchium angustifolioum Mill. u Hrvatskoj. Prir. istra`. Jugosl. Akad. 7, 1–2.PIGNATTI, S., 1982: Flora d’Italia. Edagricole 3, 411.ROTHMALER, W., 1972: Exkursionflora. Berlin.SÜSSENGUTH, K., 1939: Monocotyledones. – In: HEGI, G., III Fl. Mitteleurop. 2, München.TRINAJSTI], I., 1975: Kronolo{ka klasifikacija antropohora s osvrtom na helenpaleofite Jadran-skog primorja Jugoslavije. Biosistematika 1, 79–85.TRINAJSTI], I., 1977: Chronological classification of the Athropochors. Fragm. Herbol. Jugosl. 2,27–31.Nat. Croat. Vol. 8(1), 1999 53S A @ E TA KNova nalazi{ta Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Iridaceae) u HrvatskojM. Britvec & I. Trinajsti}Tijekom floristi~kih istra`ivanja u prolje}e 1998. godine na podru~ju Gornje Stu-bice prona|ena je vrsta Sisyrinchium bermudiana L., koja na tom lokalitetu dosadnije bila poznata. Navedena vrsta na|ena je i na podru~ju Rakovog Potoka kraj Sa-mobora. Budu}i da je S. bermudiana relativno rijetka biljka hrvatske flore, svaki novinalaz te zanimljive vrste zaslu`uje pozornost.Iz dosada{njih se istra`ivanja rasprostranjenosti navedene biljke mo`e zaklju~itida se ona u Hrvatskoj {iri antropohorno prema sjeverozapadu.Prisutnost Sisyrinchium bermudiana u sastavu livadne i travnja~ke vegetacije raz-li~itih biljnih zajednica, ukazuje na {iroki ekolo{ki raspon ove vrste u Hrvatskoj.54 Britvec, M. & Trinajsti}, I.: New localities of the Sisyrinchium bermudiana. L. (Iridaceae) species in Croatia

Nova nalazišta Sisyrinchium bermudiana L. (Iridaceae) u Hrvatskoj

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