During March 2010 research was conducted into, so far, uninvestigated rivers and streams in the catchment area of the Sava River. The caddisfly species Ironoquia dubia Stephens, 1837 was found for the first time in Croatia.U ožujku 2010. godine provedeno je istraživanje rijeka i potoka u slivnom području rijeke Save koji do tada nisu bili istraženi. Tijekom istraživanja zabilježena je vrsta tulara Ironoquia dubia Stephens, 1837, što je prvi nalaz ove vrste u Hrvatskoj

Ivan Vučković

Renata Ćuk

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short communication / kratko priop}enjeIRONOQUIA DUBIA STEPHENS, 1837(INSECTA: TRICHOPTERA), A CADDISFLYSPECIES NEW FOR CROATIARENATA ]UK & IVAN VU^KOVI]Hrvatske vode, Central Water Management Laboratory, Ulica grada Vukovara220, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (renata.cuk@voda.hr)]uk, R. & Vu~kovi}, I.: Ironoquia dubia Stephens, 1837 (Insecta: Trichoptera), a caddisfly spe-cies new for Croatia. Nat. Croat., Vol. 19, No. 1, 231–237, 2010, Zagreb.During March 2010 research was conducted into, so far, uninvestigated rivers and streams inthe catchment area of the Sava River. The caddisfly species Ironoquia dubia Stephens, 1837 was foundfor the first time in Croatia.Key words: Trichoptera, Ironoquia dubia, continental part of Croatia]uk, R. & Vu~kovi}, I.: Ironoquia dubia Stephens, 1837 (Insecta: Trichoptera), nova vrstatulara za faunu Hrvatske. Nat. Croat., Vol. 19, No. 1, 231–237, 2010, Zagreb.U o`ujku 2010. godine provedeno je istra`ivanje rijeka i potoka u slivnom podru~ju rijeke Save kojido tada nisu bili istra`eni. Tijekom istra`ivanja zabilje`ena je vrsta tulara Ironoquia dubia Stephens,1837, {to je prvi nalaz ove vrste u Hrvatskoj.Klju~ne rije~i: Trichoptera, Ironoquia dubia, kontinentalni dio HrvatskeINTRODUCTIONCaddisflies (Trichoptera), together with dragonflies (Odonata), mayflies (Ephe-meroptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera) and true flies (Diptera), compose the majority offreshwater benthic macroinvertebrates. They inhabit almost every type of habitatsalthough their biodiversity is at the highest in streams and small rivers (WALLACEet al., 1990). According to present databases which refer to caddisflies biodiversity,15.754 species are known (MORSE, 2009). The European fauna consists of more than1000 species (MALICKY, 2004; 2005). During the last 20 years dozens of new specieshave been described in Europe (e.g. GONZALES & MALICKY, 1999; KUMANSKI &MALICKY, 1999; MALICKY, 1995; 1999; PITSCH, 1993). Some of them are recorded inCroatia: Rhyacophila schmidinarica Urbani~, Kru{nik & Malicky, 2000; Hydropsyche in-cognita Pitsch, 1993; Psychomia klapaleki Malicky, 1995 (URBANI^ et al., 2000; MALICKY,1995; PITSCH, 1993). Considering all data, ca. 170 species of caddisflies have beenrecorded in Croatia so far (e.g. KU^INI] et al., 2010; ]UK & VU^KOVI], 2009; WARINGERNAT. CROAT. VOL. 19 No 1 231–237 ZAGREB June 30, 2010Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, Zagreb, Croatiaet al., 2009; MALICKY, 2009; GRAF et al., 2008; KU^INI] et al., 2008; MALICKY et al., 2007;PREVI[I] et al., 2007a; 2007b; KU^INI], 2002; KU^INI] & MALICKY, 2002; MALICKY,1996; KU^INI] & ILI], 1992/93; RADOVANOVI], 1935; M. KU^INI], A. PREVI[I], I.VU^KOVI], unpublished data) but the number is probably higher since the caddisflyfauna has not been investigated thoroughly.The aim of this study was to present the first record of I. dubia in Croatia withecological and morphological features of larva. These results were established dur-ing the research of the composition and structure of macroinvertebrate communi-ties, since this area is generally poorly investigated and no recent data exist. The re-search was conducted in March, 2010.RESEARCH AREAThe research area covers the Pannonic region from the border with the Republicof Slovenia to the town of Daruvar in Croatia and lies within the catchment area ofthe Sava River. The investigation sites are situated north and east of the city ofZagreb (Fig. 1).All streams are small lowland streams in a silicate substrate. Furthermore, allstreams have been hydromorphologically changed via canalization and substratealteration (Fig. 2). Thus the dominant substrates were argyllal (sludge and clay),phytal (living parts of plants) and xylal (large logs of dead wood)232 ]uk, R. & Vu~kovi}, I.: Ironoquia dubia, a caddisfly species new for CroatiaFig. 1. Distribution of I. dubia in Croatia (numbers of sampling sites correspond to thosein Tab. 1) (map: I. Stankovi})MATERIAL AND METHODSMacrozoobenthos samples were collected by using a hand net with a mesh sizeof 500 µm according to the AQEM sampling method (HERING et al., 2004). Allmicrohabitats represented with more than 5% coverage were sampled. The collect-ed material was preserved with ethanol in the field and the final concentration was70%. Separation and determination of benthic invertebrates were done in the labo-ratory by using a binocular stereomicroscope (Olympus SZX9). For determinationthe key of WARINGER & GRAF (1997) was used.In these samples we collected 33 specimens of I. dubia larvae (Tab. 2) which havebeen deposited in the collection of caddisflies in the Central Water ManagementLaboratory of the 'Hrvatske vode'.Nat. Croat. Vol. 19(1), 2010 233Tab. 1. List of streams, geographic position and a number of specimens of I. dubia re-corded on each sampling stationStream GPS position number ofindividualsN E1. @biljski potok 46°06’17’’ 15°44’12’’ 32. Pa~etina 46°04’42’’ 15°54’07’’ 13. Dulepski potok 45°52’34’’ 16°22’03’’ 54. Velika 45°53’35’’ 16°27’09’’ 15. Dunjara 45°51’20’’ 16°34’41’’ 86. Bjelovacka 45°53’14’’ 16°46’07’’ 17. Severinska 45°49’13’’ 16°53’37’’ 28. Gr|evica 45°44’46’’ 17°03’48’’ 49. Barna 45°44’05’’ 17°05’31’’ 310. Kutinica 45°30’39’’ 16°47’20’’ 5Fig. 2. Streams (a) Velika; (b) Bjelovacka (photos: M. Mili~i})RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe species Ironoquia dubia Stephens 1837 was present at ten out of thirty streamsinvestigated (Tab. 1; Fig. 1). Considering all available data this species was not re-corded in Croatia so far (MALICKY & BERNARD, 2009; EURO-LIMPACS consortium,2007). Although larvae exclusively were found, these records are reliable since itsmorphology is very unique and cannot be misinterpreted. The gills consist of 8–24filaments (Fig. 3b, 3c) unlike in other species of Limnephilidae whose gills consistof 1–4 filaments only (WARINGER & GRAF, 1997). Furthermore the typical pale me-dian section of pronotum and mesonotum is characteristic (Fig. 3a).The larva inhabits woodland streams, ditches and ponds in which the bottom iscovered with dead leaves. The case is made of pieces of dead leaf and other vegeta-ble debris arranged rather like tiles on the roof of a house (imbricate) and the caseis strongly curved and nerrowing posteriorly (Fig. 3d) (HICKIN, 1967).The area of distribution for species I. dubia is Great Britain, Central and NorthernEurope and areas of Belarus and Romania, while finding for Portugal is not assuredaccording to MALICKY & BERNARD, 2009.According to GRAF et al. (2002) I. dubia does not have a specific saprobic value. Itappears not only in temporary (periodic) streams which are less organically pollut-ed but also in permanent and more polluted streams (up to the a-mesosaprobic level).Chemical analyses confirm this statement since the results show a wide variation(COD from 2,5–11,2 mgO2/l; BOD5 from 1,3–3,7 mgO2/l; nitrates from 0,09–1,13mgN/l; total phosphorus from 0,041–0,188 mgP/l).Regarding the feeding type I. dubia is a shredder. The pupal stage prospers bestin semi-terrestrial area (GRAF et al., 2002).234 ]uk, R. & Vu~kovi}, I.: Ironoquia dubia, a caddisfly species new for CroatiaFig. 3. Ironoquia dubia Stephens 1837, larva. (a) dorsal view; (b) lateral view; (c) abdominalgill in detail; (d) case (photos: I. Stankovi})Some of the frequent species found together with I. dubia were Asellus aquaticus(Linnaeus, 1758), Synurella ambulans (F. Müller, 1846), Nemoura cinerea (Retzius, 1873),Siphlonurus lacustris (Eaton, 1870).ACKNOWLEDGEMENTWe are very grateful to our colleagues Maja Mili~i} and Igor Stankovi} from Hr-vatske vode for providing photographs and maps, to dr. Mladen Ku~ini} from theDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science of the University of Zagreb and to dr.Wolfram Graf from Department of Freshwater Ecology, University of Vienna fortheir valuable advices.Received April 19, 2010REFERENCES]UK, R. & I. VU^KOVI], 2009: First record of caddisfly Rhyacophila laevis Pictet, 1834 (Insecta:Trichoptera) in Croatia. Natura Croatica 18 (2), 449–453.EURO-LIMPACS CONSORTIUM, 2007: Freshwaterecology.info – The Taxa and Autecology Databasefor Freshwater Organisms. Available from www.freshwaterecology.info (version 3.1 – 02/2007)GONZÁLES, M. A. & H. MALICKY, 1999: Une nouvelle espece de Hydropsyche du groupe pelluci-dula (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae). Braueria 26, 25–26.GRAF, W., U. GRASSER, & J. WARINGER, 2002: Trichoptera. In MOOG O. (Ed.): Fauna AquaticaAustriaca, Lieferung 2002, Wasserwirtschaftskataster, Bundesministerium für Land- undForstwirtschaft, Wien.GRAF, W., KU^INI], M., PREVI[I], A,. VU^KOVI], I. & WARINGER, J., 2008: The Larva, ecologyand distribution of Tinodes braueri McLachlan, 1878 (Trichoptera: Psychomyiidae). Aquaticinsects 30 (4), 295-299.HERING, D., O. MOOG, L. SANDIN & P. F. M. VERDONSCHOT, 2004: Overview and application ofthe AQEM asessment system. 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MALICKY, 2000: Rhyacophila schmidinarica, a new species of thephilopotamoides group (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) from the northern Balkan Peninsula.Braueria 27, 17–18.WALLACE, I. D., B. WALLACE & G. N. PHILIPSON, 1990: A key to the case-bearing caddis larvaeof Britain and Ireland. Scientific Publication 51, Freshwater Biological Association, Amble-side, pp. 237, Cumbira.WARINGER, J. & W. GRAF, 1997: Atlas der Österreichischen Köcherfliegenlarven. Facultus Uni-versitätsverlag, pp. 286., Wien.WARINGER, J., W. GRAF, M. KU^INI], A. PREVI[I] & I. VU^KOVI], 2009: The Larva and life cycleof Annitella apfelbecki Klapalek, 1899, including a re-description of Melampophylax neposMcLachlan, 1880 (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae). Aquatic Insects 31 (1), 71–80.236 ]uk, R. & Vu~kovi}, I.: Ironoquia dubia, a caddisfly species new for CroatiaSA@ E TAKIronoquia dubia Stephens, 1837 (Insecta: Trichoptera), nova vrstatulara za faunu HrvatskeR. ]uk & I. Vu~kovi}Fauna tulara u Hrvatskoj nije u potpunosti istra`ena. Djelomi~na istra`ivanja tu-lara zapo~ela su 50-ih godina pro{log stolje}a i tada je utvr|eno 40-tak vrsta tulara.Posljednjih godina po~inju detaljnija istra`ivanja (Cetina, Drava, Kupa, Kupica idruge rijeke) koja su zabilje`ila cca 170 vrsta tulara. Vrsta Ironquia dubia Stephens,1837 pripada porodici Limnephilidae i po prvi puta je zabilje`ena u Hrvatskoj.Vrsta je prona|ena na podru~ju sliva rijeke Save, i to na lijevim pritocima na potezuod granice s Republikom Slovenijom do Daruvara (sjeverni i sjeveroisto~ni diokontinentalne Hrvatske).Nat. Croat. Vol. 19(1), 2010 237

Ironoquia dubia Stephens, 1837 (Insecta: Trichoptera), nova vrsta tulara za faunu Hrvatske

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