Uropathogens and their susceptibility to antibiotics

Abstract

Porast otpornosti bakterija na antibiotike ugrožava učinkovitost empirijske antibiotske terapije pri liječenju infekcija mokraćnog sustava (IMS). Cilj istraživanja ovog rada je ispitati učestalost pojedinih uzročnika IMS ovisno o vrsti IMS te ispitati otpornost na antibiotike najčešćih uzročnika IMS. Utjecaj vrste IMS na učestalost i osjetljivost uzročnika ispitivan je na bolnički i ambulantno liječenim bolesnicima Klinike za infektivne bolesti "Dr. Fran Mihaljević", Zagreb. Escherichia coli je najčešći uzročnik svih kategorija IMS. Najmanji udio ima među izolatima ambulantno liječenih bolesnika s kompliciranim i rekurirajućim IMS, u kojih značajani udio imaju enterokoki. Statistički značajna razlika (p < 0,05) u osjetljivosti E. coli između pojedinih kategorija IMS dokazana je za ko-trimoksazol (p = 0,007) i cefaleksin (p = 0,042), a za ciprofloksacin i norfloksacin su dobivene granične vrijednosti statističke značajnosti (p = 0,063).Increase of antibiotic resistance jeopardizes the effectiveness of empirical antibiotic therapy of urinary tract infections (UTI). The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of UTI causative agents in relation to the UTI category and to investigate the resistance rates in the most frequent uropathogens. The influence of the UTI category on the frequency and sensitivity pattern of uropathogens was investigated among inpatients and outpatients of the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb. Escherichia coli was the most frequent causative agent in every UTI category. The lowest rate of E. coli was recorded among outpatients treated for complicated and recurrent UTI. These patients had significantly higher rate of enterococci. Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in E. coli resistance rates among different UTI categories was found for co-trimoxazole (p = 0.007) and cephalexin (p = 0.042), while differences for ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin demonstrated borderline values (p = 0.063)