Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb
Abstract
Na seoskim gospodarstvima u panonskom dijelu hrvatskog prostora, tako i u zapadnoj Slavoniji, krušne peći najčešće su imale sinonim i nazivali su ih vanjskim pećima. U principu gradili su ih samostalno negdje na dvorištu a služile su za pečenje kruha (kao u Gornjoj Šumetlici i Gornjim Bogićevcima). No drugdje su u pećima također kuhali u glinenim posudama ili su pekli meso - pečenicu te sušili voće za zimu, pekli kolače i krumpir. U članku se ukazuje na mjesto i ulogu koja proizlazi iz upotrebe peći u gospodarskom i društvenom aspektu kulture te usmjeruje na primjenu u sadašnjosti.On the basis of the field records from the second half oh the 20th century and recent field researches done by the author, this article stresses out, together with the name and the form of the baker\u27s ovens, the important place and role they played in everyday life of the inhabitants of the Western Slavonia. The most common term used for this oven is the \u27out-door oven\u27, because it was usually built in the open part of the housing. It is often situated next to the pusnica, this second most important little building used for the smoking and conservation of meat. The title of the article is taken from informants in Dragalići, who, after they returned to Slavonia after the Homeland war in 1996., firstly built the out-door oven, then the pušnica (smoke house), and then the rest of the buildings. The expert literature and writings on this subject in this specific region lack relevant information, and hence in this article, the data which are systematized and typologised are from the following villages: Badljevina, Borovac, Brezovac, Dragalić, Drenov Bok, Kukunjevac, Prekopakra, Gornja Šumetlica, Gornji Uljanik, Gređani, Kozarice, Košutarica, Gornji Bogićevci, Rogolji, Novi i Stari Grabovac, Strmac. We can distinguish two main types of the ovens: those made of hurdle and those with a brick vault. The majority of the ovens are smaller and lack a chimney. The possible reconstruction should focus on ovens made of hurdle and clay, since these are the basic materials (wood and earth) which surround the man, they are easy to obtain, and they can be used to satisfy the primary personal needs or the needs of those who surround us, and in this case, this is the preparation of the basic provision, bread
