Trichomonas vaginalis je bičaš koji inficira urogenitalni trakt. Infekcija uzrokuje vaginitis u žena te uretritis i balanopostitis u muškaraca. Glavni put prijenosa je spolni. Infekcija je asimptomatska uglavnom u muškaraca i u polovice inficiranih žena. Prijevremeni porod i niska porođajna težina moguće su komplikacije. Dijagnoza se rijetko potvrdi u muškaraca, dok je u žena nešto jednostavnija na temelju pregleda nativnog preparata, iako se kultura danas smatra pouzdanijom. Uspješna terapija provodi se peroralnom primjenom preparata metronidazola ili tinidazola u oba partnera. U svakom slučaju treba naglasiti pitanje rezistencije na azolske pripravke, što je danas sve veći terapijski problem. Gljive roda Candida (C.) bitan su patogeni agens za čovjeka, no istodobno su i dio fiziološke flore.
Naseljavanje genitalne regije žena gljivama roda kandida, poglavito
vrstom C. albicans, očituje se klinički kao vaginitis odnosno vulvovaginitis. Prijenos spolnim putem sa žene na muškarca je čest, a u muškaraca se očituje kao balanitis odnosno balanopostitis. Dijagnoza se potvrđuje mikološkom obradom (nativni pripravak i kultura). Terapija se provodi lokalnom primjenom preparata imidazola, kao i peroralnom primjenom azolskih pripravaka (flukonazol i itrakonazol). Racionalna primjena peroralne antimikotske terapije sve je značajnija u suvremenom konceptu liječenja genitalne kandidoze.Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated parasite which infects the urogenital tract. It causes vaginitis in women and urethritis and balanoposthitis in men. The main route of transmission is through sexual contact. In men and half of all women the infection usually appears to be asymptomatic. Complications might include the preterm birth and low-birth-weight infants. It is not always so easy to diagnose it in men, whereas the diagnosis in women seems to be easier with the use of the wet mount examination. However, cultivation methods including the molecular techniques are currently the "gold standard".
The therapy of choice is oral metronidazole or tinidazole simultaneously administered to both partners. An increasing resistance to azole preparations appears to be a major problem
nowadays. Candida species is at the same time the main pathogenic yeast for humans and part of the physiological flora. Genital involvement in women is mostly presented in the form of vaginitis and vulvovaginitis. In men, the infection with Candida is presented as balanitis or balanoposthitis. Diagnosis should be confirmed by mycological testing. Topical treatment with imidazole and/or oral therapy with fluconazole or itraconazole have proven to be very safe and effective. We have no right to neglect either trichomoniasis or genital candidosis in the light of sexually transmitted infections
