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Mollusca Contagiosa

Abstract

Mollusca contagiosa (MC) definiramo kao čestu virusnu infekciju kože uzrokovanu Molluscipox virusom (MCV) koja se viđa u djece i odraslih. Klinički se manifestira u obliku malih, umbiliciranih papula voštana sjaja. Dok su MC relativno česta u djece od 1. do 5. godine i mogu biti smještene bilo gdje na tijelu, njihova pojavnost u odraslih uglavnom se smatra spolno prenosivom infekcijom (engl. sexually transmitted infection, STI). MCV se može prenositi direktno s osobe na osobu ili autoinokulacijom. MCV u odraslih karakteristično zahvaća genitalnu regiju. Međutim, ekstragenitalni smještaj kod odraslih tipično se viđa u imunosuprimiranih bolesnika, osobito u bolesnika s HIV-om/AIDS-om. Prema novijim literaturnim podacima, pojava MC u HIV-pozitivnih bolesnika, smatra se dijelom sindroma imunosnog oporavka (engl. immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, IRIS). MC, stoga, u djece zahvaća podjednako oba spola, no, čini se da je incidencija u odrasloj populaciji veća kod muškaraca. Liječenje, koje nije uvijek nužno, može biti korisno u prevenciji daljnjeg prijenosa infekcije ili autoinokulacije. Nažalost, ne postoji etiološko liječenje MC, a većina postupaka koji se primjenjuju mehanička je, što katkad uzrokuje određeni stupanj nelagode ili boli. Osobitu pažnju treba posvetiti ekstragenitalno smještenim MC kod odraslih, kada bi svakako trebalo preporučiti obradu na HIV. I djecu i odrasle s MC trebalo bi podučiti da izbjegavaju češanje kože, kao i kontakte s drugom osobom (uglavnom spolni kontakti kod odraslih), kako bi se spriječio daljnji prijenos infekcije i/ili autoinokulacija. Osim toga, kod odraslih bolesnika s MC treba učiniti pažljiv probirna ostale STI te ih savjetovati o eventualnom liječenju i daljim postupcima.Mollusca contagiosa (MC) are defi ned as a common cutaneous viral infection caused by the Molluscipox virus (MCV) and affecting both children and adults. MC are clinically characterized by small, waxy, dome-shaped umbilicated papules. Whereas mollusca contagiosa are rather frequent in 1-5 year-old children and can be localized almost anywhere on the body, their appearance in adults is mostly regarded as a sexually transmitted infection (STI). MCV might be transmitted directly from person to person or by autoinoculation. MC in adults characteristically involve the genital area. However, the extragenital appearance of MC in adults is more typically seen in patients with immunosuppressive conditions, especially in HIV/AIDS patients. The onset of MC in HIV-positive individuals can be, according to the current literature data, regarded as a part of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). It is most probable that MC affect both sexes equally in children’s age, whereas in adults they seem to be more frequent in men. Therapy may be beneficial in preventing transmission or autoinoculation. Unfortunately, there has been no etiological treatment of MC so far, and the majority of treatment options are mechanical, causing sometimes a certain degree of discomfort, or are not enough "evidence-based". Special attention should be given to the extragenital site of MC involvement in adults, and HIV serology testing should certainly be recommended in such patients. Both children and adults with MC should be educated to avoid scratching and skin contact with others to prevent transmission and autoinoculation. Besides, adult patients with MC should be carefully screened for other STIs and counseled appropriately

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