Nearly two decades of political, economic and social upheavals in Bulgaria
directly conditiones the profound changes in the TV system and the trends of
its development. Currently the number of the registered TV broadcasters in the
country exceeds 100 (among them four with national terrestrial coverage).
Bulgarian children spend on the average three hours a day watching television.
However, the approach of the Bulgarian television stations as a whole
towards the children’s audience is subordinated mainly to the entertainment
function. Television channels offer far less cognitive and educational issues. A
disturbing tendency is the limited production of quality children’s programs.
The technical methods for filtering TV programs with harmful contents are not
yet popular in the country and the culture of preventing the children from
harmful TV influence is still at an embryonic stage. In this situation of major
importance are the activities in the area of regulation and self-regulation, as
well as of citizens’ control on children’s TV programming.
The article examines the current developments of the Bulgarian national terrestrial
TV programming with respect to protection of minors from harmful
and inappropriate content. The analysis is linked to the media effects and especially
– to the public interest being served by TV performance. Regulatory
practices of the Bulgarian Council for Electronic Media are also examined, as
are their sources in the pan-European broadcasting media instruments such as
the European Convention on Transfrontier Television of the Council of Europe
and the Audiovisual Media Services Directive of the European Union as well
as on the international regulatory practices of European Platform of Regulatory
Authorities.Gotovo dva desetljeća političkih, ekonomskih i socijalnih nemira u Bugarskoj direktno
uvjetuju duboke promjene u televizijskom sustavu i trendovima televizijskog
razvoja. Trenutno broj registriranih TV kanala u zemlji prelazi 100 (među
njima četiri s nacionalnim dosegom.)
Bugarska djeca provedu u prosjeku tri sata dnevno gledajući televiziju. No ipak,
pristup bugarskih televizijskih kanala kao cjeline prema dječjoj publici podređen
je većinom funkciji zabave. Televizijski kanali nude znatno manje spoznajnog i
edukacijskog programa. Uznemirujuća je tendencija ograničene proizvodnje kvalitetnih
dječjih programa. Tehnike metode filtriranja televizijskog programa sa
štetnim sadržajima još nisu poznate u zemlji i kultura zaštite djece od štetnog utjecaja
televizije je još u stadiju nastajanja. U ovoj situaciji od velike su važnosti aktivnosti
na području regulacije i samoregulacije, kao i kontrola građana nad dječjim
televizijskim programom.
Članak ispituje trenutni razvoj bugarskog nacionalnog televizijskog programa u
odnosu na zaštitu maloljetnika od štetnog i neprikladnog sadržaja. Analiza je povezana
s učincima medija i posebice- s interesom javnosti kojoj je namijenjen televizijski
program. Članak analizira i regulatorne prakse bugarskog Vijeća za medije
te izvore njegovih načela u paneuropskim instrumentima televizijskog emitiranja
– Europskoj konvenciji o televiziji bez granica Vijeća Europe, Direktivi Europske
Unije o Audiovizualnim medijskim uslugama. praksi Europske platforme
regulatornih tijela (EPRA)
