Catholic Faculty of Theology, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek
Abstract
Promatrajući odnos čovjeka i globalizacije kroz povijesnu epohu, možemo se složiti da je čovjek tvorac slika, svjestan da nije samo puka datost i dovršena stvarnost, nego ima potrebu za djelovanjem, koje se očituje stvaranjem slika u kojima želi pronaći svoj vlastiti identitet. U vrijeme kršćanske epohe slika se ne stvara nego otkriva te je naglasak stavljen na «biti na sliku». Vrijeme moderne stvara, međutim, kulturu separacije. Čovjek postaje "slika", on sebe stvara kroz djelovanje te se rađa ideja o autonomnom subjektu. Ljudska narav se postavlja kao nešto univerzalno, obrazac ponašanja, kojemu svaki čovjek treba težiti. Istovremeno se stvaraju institucije koja zakonima korigiraju čovjekovu autonomiju i slobodu. Institucija, naime, pretpostavlja piramidalnu strukturu kojoj na vrhu stoji vladar, kako bi se zakoni doista poštivali. Stanje - u kojem manjina kontrolira većinu putem zakona, prijetnji i sankcija -nazivamo panopticon. Suprotno panopticonu, synopticonom nazivamo stanje kada je manjina gledana od većine. Ona (manjina) ne kontrolira silom, već se nameće kao idealna slika najčešće putem mass-medija. Putem propagande, ona postaje idealom prema kojem se ravnaju široke mase. Synopticon je tako jedan od fundamentalnih pokretača globalizacije. Čovjek pak u novom poretku globalizacije iz homo sapiensa, kojem je izvor identiteta u mišljenju i stvaranju "na sliku" ili "slike", prelazi u homo vidensa, gdje je on promatrač trendova. Homo videns nema svog identiteta, on teži za nekim imageom, ali ni tada nije siguran, nema svoje jučer, danas, sutra. S obzirom na današnju problematiku, Crkva je ta koja bi trebala "dati se vidjeti" kako bi odsijevalo pravo lice Kristovo u ovom našem svijetu globalizacije.If we look at the relationship between an individual person and globalisation throughout history, we can all agree that each individual is a creator of images, aware of the fact that he/she is not only mere factuality and completed reality. There is still need to create, which is reflected in the creation of images in which he/she wants to find his/her own identity. In Christian era that image is not newly created,
but discovered, and the emphasis is on “to be like the image”. Modern times, however, have formed the culture of separation. An individual so becomes “an image”, creating him/herself through acting, so there begins a notion of an autonomous subject. Human nature is presented as something universal, a type of behaviour everyone should crave for. At the same time institutions are established with a sole purpose of limiting every individual’s autonomy and freedom. Laws are respected because institutions are structured as a pyramid, with a ruler on the highest step. The condition where minority controls the majority through laws, pressure and sanctions – is called the Panopticon. Opposite to the Panopticon there is the Synopticon – the condition where minority is seen from the point of view of majority. Here minority does not control by means of force, it imposes itself as an ideal image mostly through mass-media, which use promotion to make this image an ideal for the broad public. The Synopticon so becomes one of the basic motivating factors of globalisation. In this new order of globalisation homo sapiens – a rational creature whose identity is based on thinking and creating according to “the image”, or “the images”, is turned into a person who is a mere observer of different trends. This new homo has no identity , he/she yearns for some images, yet not feeling safe, left without his/her own past, present or future. Having this issue in mind, the Church is the one to “allow itself to be seen”, so that Christ’s real image leaves its reflection in this world of globalisation
