Azharul Islam

Bues

Busvine

Byrne

Cheng

Cowles

Darrieutort

Dedek

Doccola

Flower

Harrell

Herms

Hirashima

Ichinose

Ishaaya

James

Jeschke

Kass

McCullough

Mendel

Montecchio

Mota-Sanchez

Nauen

Navarro

Paguia

Smitley

Takai

Tanis

Wakamura

Wang

Yang

PeerJ

English

The screening of suitable insecticides is a key factor in successfully applying trunk injection technology to ornamental plants. In this study, six chemical pesticides were selected and injected into the trunks ofOsmanthus fragransto control the nettle caterpillar,Latoia lepida(Lepidoptera: Limacodidae), using a no-pressure injection system. The absorption rate of the insecticides, the leaf loss due to insect damage, and the mortality and frass amount ofL. lepidalarvae were evaluated after 77 and 429 days. The results showed that 4% imidacloprid + carbosulfan and 21% abamectin + imidacloprid + omethoate had the fastest conductivity and were completely absorbed into the trunkswithin14 days; however, the efficiencies of these insecticides in controllingL. lepidawere extremely low. Additionally, the treatment 10% emamectin benzoate + clothianidin and 2.5% emamectin benzoate was almost completely absorbed within 30 days and exhibited a longer duration of insecticide efficiency (&gt;80% mortality) in the upper and lower leaves of the canopy. Treatment with these insecticides also resulted in significantly lower leaf loss and frass amounts. We conclude that emamectin benzoate and emamectin benzoate + clothianidin have a rapid uptake intoO. fragrans, and are effective as insecticides over long durations. Hence, they may be a suitable control option forL. lepidainO. fragransplants.</jats:p

Jun Huang

Juan Zhang

Yan Li

Jun Li

Xiao-Hua Shi

Crossref

Evaluation of the effectiveness of insecticide trunk injections for control of<i>Latoia lepida</i>(Cramer) in the sweet olive tree<i>Osmanthus fragrans</i>

Supplemental Information 1: The absorption rate of the insecticides, the leaf loss due to insect damage, and the mortality and frass amount of
                        L. lepida

Supplemental Information 1: The absorption rate of the insecticides, the leaf loss due to insect damage, and the mortality and frass amount of L. lepida

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