German Democratic Republic – Neighbour of Poland: Faces of Friendship and Faces of Transformation

Abstract

Vlada na čelu s kancelarom Konradom Adenaurom proglasila je 21. rujna 1949. osnivanje Savezne Republike Njemačke. Kao odgovor na taj potez Sovjetski je Savez transformirao svoju okupacijsku zonu u zasebnu državu, proklamacijom Vijeća njemačkog naroda 17. listopada 1949, nazvavši tu državu Njemačkom Demokratskom Republikom (DDR). Ta zemlja, koja je uključivala mali dio teritorija Njemačke, nije mogla postati nacionalna država njemačkog naroda, no postala je isturenom zemljom “sovjetskog bloka”, s visokom koncentracijom ruskih vojnih snaga. Podjela Njemačke na dva dijela, s nečim poput Berlinskog zida, bilo je nešto doista jedinstveno. Poljski narod i narod Istočne Njemačke živjeli su jedan do drugog, u istome “bloku”. Ritam njihovih života u toj poslijeratnoj realnosti/povijesti nije se previše razlikovao. Članak ukazuje na slične probleme, pro-teste i konflikte. Književnost je u DDR-u, jednako kao i u Poljskoj, bila temeljna snaga duhovnih i političkih promjena. Komunistička vlast okončana je 1989. godine, no ključan trenutak u stvaranju političke oporbe zbio se 1976. godine. Mirna revolucija u DDR-u i strukturne/konstitucionalne promjene u Poljskoj donijele su novu kvalitetu u suradnji i susjedskim odnosima između dviju zemalja.The government, with chancellor Konrad Adenauer as it’s head, announced on 21st of September 1949 the creation of the Federal Republic of Germany. In response, the Soviet Union transformed its sphere of influence into a separate state proclaimed by the German Folk Council on 17th of October 1949, and named it the German Democratic Republic. This country, including in its territory a small part of Germany, could not become the national state of the German people, but it did become the front country of the ‘Soviet Bloc’, with a high level of concentration of Russian military forces. The division of Germany by such means as the Berlin Wall was indeed unique. The Polish people and the Eastern Germans lived next to each other, in the same ‘bloc’. The rhythm of their lives in the postwar reality/history was not very different. The article points to similar problems, protests and conflicts. The literature in GDR, like the literature in Poland, was the basic force of spiritual and political changes. The year 1976 was crucial in the creation of political opposition. The communist power came to an end in 1989. The peaceful revolution in GDR and the structural/constitutional changes in Poland brought a new quality of cooperation and neighborly relations between the two countries

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