SPONTANEOUS ABORTION AFTER ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

Sažetak Spontani pobačaj je gubitak trudnoće prije navršenih 20 tjedana s težinom ploda manjom od 500 grama. Rana trudnoća nakon potpomognute oplodnje nosi povećan rizik za spontani pobačaj u odnosu na spontano započete trudnoće, a uzroci gubitka trudnoće, osim uobičajenih, imaju i određene specifičnosti. U etiologiji spontanih pobačaja spominju se genetski, anatomski, endokrinološki, upalni, imunološki i ostali čimbenici. U novije vrijeme, uvođenjem novih dijagnostičkih metoda, utvrđena je veća učestalost pojedinih uzroka spontanih pobačaja poput sindroma antifosfolipidnih protutijela, trombofilije i sl. Napretkom operacijskih i drugih metoda liječenja povećava se broj uzroka spontanih pobačaja koji se mogu uspješno liječiti.Abstract Spontaneous abortion is defined as pregnancy loss before 20 weeks gestation, as based on last menstral period, or the delivery of a fetus that weights less than 500 g. Early pregnancy after assisted reproduction has increased risk for spontaneous abortion in confront of spontaneous pregnancies. There is no difference in etiologies of spontaneous abortion after IVF and the most common are genetic, anatomic, endocrine, infectious, autoimmune and other causes. The frequency of clinically recognized abortion is about 15 to 20% and chromosomal abnormalities cause at least half of them. With genetic counseling and preimplantation genetic diagnosis there is a possibility to decrease number of spontaneous abortion coused by genetic causes. Recently, as a consequence of new diagnostic technologies development there is increase of some other causes of early pregnancy loss as a antiphospholipid synrome (APS) and thombophilia