HISTORICAL OCCURENCE OF LIQUEFACTION IN ZAGREB AREA AND ESTIMATION OF REOCCURENCE IN CASE OF ANOTHER STRONG EARTHQUAKE

Abstract

Tijekom Velikog zagrebačkog potresa iz 1880. na šest lokacija u okolici Zagreba primijećeni su pokazatelji likvefakcije u vidu pojave "muljnih vulkana" (engl.: sand boils) nastalih istjecanjem podzemne vode na površinu. Likvefakcija je po definiciji fenomen kod kojeg se čvrstoća i stabilnost saturiranih nekoherentnih tala smanjuju, do hidrauličkog sloma, pod utjecajem potresa ili nekog drugog dinamičkog opterećenja. Čimbenik važan za pojavu likvefakcije je stanje zbijenosti sedimenata koje dobrim dijelom zavisi od njihove starosti. Određivanjem apsolutne starosti fosiliziranih stabala nađenih u sedimentima savskog aluvija kod Zagreba te na osnovi terenskih ispitivanja zbijenosti tla zaključuje se da je pri potresu magnitude ≥ 6,3 na zagrebačkom području moguće ponovo očekivati pojavu likvefakcije.During the Great Zagreb\u27s earthquake in 1880 consequences of the liquefaction have been detected at six sites in the vicinity of Zagreb as the occurrence of sand boils. Liquefaction takes place when loosely packed, water-logged sediments near the ground surface lose their strength in response to strong ground shaking. During the liquefaction, due to pore pressure buildup, water may be forced to the surface carrying sand particles through volcano-like sand boils. Important factor for liquefaction occurrence is the state of soil densification which relates to geological age of deposits. Results of the absolute dating of fossilized trees found in Sava\u27s alluvium in the vicinity of Zagreb and the results of the penetration tests show that another earthquake with magnitude ≥ 6.3 can provoke liquefaction once again

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