TILLAGE AND DYNAMICS OF INORGANIC NITROGEN IN ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Abstract

Dynamiku v obsahu anorganického dusíka (Nan = N-NH4 + + N-NO3 -) pôdy sme sledovali v rámci ekologickej a integrovanej sústavy hospodárenia v rokoch 1991-1993 v teplej klimatickej oblasti na hlinitej hnedozemi. Pôdu sme obrábali konvenčne (orba do 0,24 m) a minimálne (orba do 0,12-0,15 m). Dynamiku Nan sme sledovali do hĺbky 0,60 m v dvoch vrstvách: 0,00-0,30 m a 0,30-0,60 m. Sledované hĺbky orby (0,24 m a 0,12-0,15 m) nemali výraznejší vplyv na obsah anorganického dusíka v pôde, preto vhodnosť minimalizácie cestou zmenšovania hĺbky orby nevylučujeme, naopak, takáto minimalizácia môže mať vysoko pozitívny vplyv na ekonomiku hospodárenia – šetrenia energiou, pracovnými nákladmi a pod. Potvrdili sme rozhodujúci vplyv agroklimatických faktorov na dynamiku obsahu oboch anorganických foriem dusíka v pôde, ako aj primárny význam organickej hmoty pre ich uvoľňovanie.During the period of 1991-1993 in the field experiment, the effect of different soil management (tillage 0,24 m and tillage 0,12-0,15 m) in ecological and integration management system on changes of inorganic nitrogen (Nan = N-NH4 + + N-NO3 -) content in the soil layer from 0 up to 0,6 m of the soil depth (0,00-0,30 m and 0,30- 0,60 m) were studied. Trials were held in a warm climatic zone of the South – Western Slovakia on the brown soil. Different soil management systems (tillage 0,24 m and tillage 0,12-0,15 m) considerably did not affected ammonification and nitrification processes in the soil. The sustainability of minimalization via shallow ploughing is not excluded, on the contrary this minimalization may have high a positive influence on economic saving the energy, labour costs, etc. The quantitative and qualitative changes of studied form of N were significantly effected by weather and soil depth. Soil content of N-NH4 + and N-NO3 - was in negative correlation with soil depth

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