Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek
Abstract
The study aimed to examine the changes in seed vigor and oil content in different genotypes of maize, soybean and sunflower over three years (2002-2005) in two type storage conditions differed in terms of air temperature and humidity: 25°C/75% and 12°C/60%, respectively. Affected by storage longevity, on an average, seed vigor decreased by 13.5% in maize and by 26.5% in both soybean and sunflower, respectively. Seed oil content decreased by 0.58% in maize, 1.68% in soybean and 8.04% in sunflower. Differences in seed vigor and oil content affected by storage longevity were significant among tested crops and genotypes into crop. Storage longevity was negatively associated with seed vigor and oil content. At storage conditions by 12°C/60%, decline of seed vigor was less by 7% (maize), by 11% (sunflower, soybean) and decreasing of seed oil content was less for 0.25% (maize), 0.53% (soybean) and 1.75% (sunflower) than in storage conditions by 25°C/75%. In summary, the lowest seed quality losses were in maize, followed by soybean and the highest ones in sunflower. Decreasing seed quality losses is possible with providing suitable storage conditions, particularly for soybean and sunflower.Istraživanjem je utvrđen utjecaj uvjeta skladištenja dorađenog nezaprašenog sjemena hibrida kukuruza i suncokreta te sorata soje na vigor i sadržaj ulja nakon skladištenja od 36 mjeseci (2002.-2005.) u dva tipa skladišta različite temperature i vlage zraka (S1: 25°C/75% i S2 12°C/60%). Nakon skaldištenja, vigor sjemena je umanjen za 13,5% kod kukuruza, 26,5% kod soje i 27,1% kod suncokreta. Sadržaj ulja u zrnu je umanjen za 0,58% kod kukuruza, 1,68% kod soje i za 8,04% kod suncokreta. Duljinom skladištenja umanjen je vigor i sadržaj ulja. U uvjetima skladišta S1 je manje umanjenje vigora za 7% (kukuruz), 11% (suncokret, soja), kao i manje umanjenje sadržaja ulja za 0,25% (kukuruz), 0,53% (soja) i 1.75% (suncokret) u odnosu na uvjete skladištenja u skladištu S2. Kakvoća sjemena je tijekom skladištenja ovisna o vrsti kultivara, genotipu i uvjetima skladištenja
