The p-type ZnO nanorod arrays were prepared by doping Na with hydrothermal method. The structural, electrical, and optical properties were explored by XRD, Hall-effect, PL, and Raman spectra. The carrier concentrations and the mobility of Na-doped ZnO nanorod arrays are arranged from 1.4×1016 cm−3 to 1.7×1017 cm−3 and 0.45 cm2 v−1 s−1 to 106 cm2 v−1 s−1, respectively