YIELD OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) ON DIFFERENT SOIL TILLAGE VARIANTS

Abstract

Reducirana obrada tla, kao i krajnji vid reduciranja zahvata obrade tla – no-tillage, svake godine ima sve veće značenje u obradi tla na našim prostorima. Međutim, to su još uvijek vrlo male površine. U cilju utvrđivanja optimalnoga sustava reducira¬ne obrade tla u uzgoju kukuruza, na černozemu u sjevernoj Baranji, provedena su trogodišnja istraživanja (od 1998./1999.-2000./2001.), na pet varijanata obrade tla. Najveći su prinosi redovito ostvarivani na varijanti konvencionalne obrade tla (CT), s trogodišnjim prosjekom od 9,29 t/ha, zatim na varijanti rahljenja s tanjuranjem (CH), s prinosom od 8,37 t/ha, slijedi varijanta višekratnog tanjuranja (DH, s prino¬som od 8,07 t/ha, zatim varijanta jednokratnog tanjuranja (PD) sa 6,99 t/ha, a najniži ostvareni prinosi bili su na varijanti no-tillage (NT), s trogodišnjim prosjekom od 5,94 t/ha. Najveća ekonomska dobit ostvarena je na CT varijanti (665,34 HRK/ha), slijede varijante CH (189.24 HRK/ha) i DH (77,20 HRK/ha), dok su na varijantama PD (-334,95 HRK/ha) i NT (-459,81 HRK/ha) zabilježeni gubici.Reduced tillage, as well as the most reduced tillage – No-till – every year are becoming more important in our region. Unfortunately, the areas under reduced tillage are still very small. In order to establish optimal system of reduced soil tillage, the experimental trials were set on Chernozem soil type in northern Baranja during three vege¬tation seasons (1998/1999-2000/2001) and five soil tillage systems: CT) Conventional Tillage (primary soil tillage by moldboard ploughing at 30-35 cm depth), DH) Multiple Diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage, CH) Chiseling and diskharrowing (chiseling at 30-35 cm and diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage), PD) One diskharro-wing pass (diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage, and NT) No-tillage system. The highest yields were recor¬ded at CT with three-year average of 9.29 t/ha, followed by CH with 8.37 t/ha, DH with 8.07 t/ha, PD with 6.99 t/ha, whereas the lowest yields were recorded at NT treatment, with three-year average of 5.94 t/ha. The highest profit was achieved at CT treatment (665,34 HRK/ha), followed by CH (189,24 HRK/ha), DH (77,20 HRK/ha), PD (-334,95 HRK/ha) and NT (-459,81 HRK/ha)