U radu je opisana svrha modeliranja energetskog sustava i podjela modela za planiranje s obzirom na različitosti pristupa i metodologije. Pojava modernih računala i razvoj računalnih programa pojednostavnila je korištenje modela za planiranje. Ovakvi modeli koriste snažne matematičke algoritme i baze podataka koji u relativno kratkom vremenu mogu riješiti vrlo složene probleme. To je dalje omogućilo nastanak tzv. E3 modela (engl. energy-ecology-economy) koji imaju mogućnost istodobnog sagledavanja pitanja vezanih za energetiku, ali i za ekologiju i ekonomiju. Posebno su prikazane karakteristike modela MARKAL kroz primjer integriranog povezivanja s drugim modelima za planiranje. Pokazuje se da je primjena optimizacijskog modela MARKAL za planiranje energetskog sustava Republike Hrvatske od velikog značenja s obzirom na potrebne analize energetskog tržišta jugoistočne Europe, korištenja obnovljivih izvora energije, energetsku učinkovitost i trgovine emisijama.This article describes the purpose of energy system modeling and the classification of planning models according to approaches and methodologies. The advent of modern computers and computer programs has simplified the use of planning models. Such models employ powerful mathematical algorithms and databases which can solve highly complex problems in a relatively short time. This has led to energy-ecology-economy (E3) models, which are simultaneously able to consider questions in connection with energy supply, ecology and economics. The characteristics of a MARKAL model are presented separately through an example of integration with other planning models. It is demonstrated that the application of an optimizing MARKAL model for the planning of the energy supply system of the Republic of Croatia is of great significance for the analysis of the energy market of South East Europe, the use of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and emission tradin
