Taxonomic and chorologic revision of specimens in the two largest public herbaria in Croatia was carried out on the basis of the most recent taxonomic treatment of the Polypodium vulgare L. complex. These data were used for the production of maps of the partial distribution of taxa from the Polypodium vulgare complex in Croatia

V. Hršak

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Acta Bot. Croat. 61 (1), 45–49, 2002 CODEN: ABCRA25ISSN 0365–0588Taxonomic and chorologic revision of the Polypodiumvulgare complex in Herbarium Croaticum andthe Ivo and Marija Horvat HerbariumVLADIMIR HR[AK*University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Maruli}ev trg 20,HR–10000 Zagreb, CroatiaTaxonomic and chorologic revision of specimens in the two largest public herbaria inCroatia was carried out on the basis of the most recent taxonomic treatment of thePolypodium vulgare L. complex. These data were used for the production of maps of thepartial distribution of taxa from the Polypodium vulgare complex in Croatia.Key words: Polypodium, ferns, flora, CroatiaIntroductionThe occurrences of Polypodium interjectum and P. x mantoniae in Croatia has been al-ready listed by HR[AK (2000). These taxa had been already recorded in neighbouringSlovenia (MAYER and HORVATI] 1967, MLAKAR 1987).The herbarium specimens in the Herbarium Croaticum (ZA) and the Ivo and MarijaHorvat Herbarium (ZAHO) in the Department of Botany in Zagreb are old and determinedby different methodologies. The distribution area of these species in Croatia was notknown previously. This was the reason for the revision of herbarium specimens in the twolargest public herbaria in Croatia. The importance of these data is even greater if we takeinto consideration the circumstance that detailed floristic mapping has never been carriedout in Croatia. It was for this reason that the publication of distribution data based on a revi-sion of herbarium specimens was announced in HR[AK (2000).Materials and methodsAll specimens of the Polypodium vulgare L. complex in ZA and ZAHO were consid-ered and redetermined. The redetermination was carried out primarily on the basis ofmicromorphological characteristics of the sori in the herbarium plants (JÄGER et al. 1994,NEUROTH 1996, HR[AK 2000). Those characteristics are: the presence/absence of para-physes, the number of indurated annulus cells, and the number of basal cells. On eachACTA BOT. CROAT. 61 (1), 2002 45REVISION OF POLYPODIUM VULGARE* Corresponding address: Fax: +385 1 48 95 571, e-mail: vhrsak@lipa.botanic.hrspecimen an average of 20 sori were considered and the mean number of indurated and an-nulus cells was calculated. Identification was performed using standard keys (DOSTÁL andREICHSTEIN 1984, AKEROYD and JERMY 1993, PHILIPPI 1993, JERMY and CAMUS 1998).On the basis of the data, geocoding in MTB coordinates according to the recommenda-tions and standards in NIKOLI] et al. (1998) was made for each specimen. In addition, ananalysis of herbarium specimens according to age was done, reflecting the intensity of thedynamics of floristic research in Croatia.Results and DiscussionThe total number of specimens from the Polypodium vulgare L. complex in the Herbar-ium Croaticum was 1352. Of them, 638 specimens were determined to be P. vulgare L., 383specimens P. interjectum, 270 specimens to be hybrid P. x mantoniae, and 44 specimens P.cambricum. Due to the absence of sori it was not possible to identify 17 specimens.In the Ivo and Marija Horvat Herbarium there was a total of 65 specimens.Of them, 13 were identified as P. vulgare, 37 as P. interjectum, 9 specimens as P. xmantoniae, while 6 specimens could not be identified with any certainty. Figures 1–4 depictthe distribution areas of all four taxa found in those collections. Of the total number of speci-mens (1417) geocoding was impossible in 92 of them due to insufficiently precise citing of thelocation on the specimen label. Such specimens could not be shown on the distribution maps.46 ACTA BOT. CROAT. 61 (1), 2002HR[AK V.Fig. 1. Distribution of the Polypodium vulgare L. s. on the basis of the herbarium specimens.ACTA BOT. CROAT. 61 (1), 2002 47REVISION OF POLYPODIUM VULGAREFig. 2. Distribution of the Polypodium interjectum Shivas on the basis of the herbarium specimens.Fig. 3. Distribution of the Polypodium x mantoniae Rothm. et U. Schneid. on the basis of the her-barium specimens.Figure 5 shows dynamics of specimen entry into the collections. It can be seen that mostspecimens (74 %) were collected in the period 1900–1930. After 1960 only 1 % of the spec-imens of the Polypodium vulgare complex were collected. In 3.6 % of specimens the dateof collection was not cited.The revision of the entire material deposited in the two herbaria shows the distributionof the Polypodium vulgare complex in Croatia. Considering the collected material, thetaxon is distributed in the greater part of Croatia.48 ACTA BOT. CROAT. 61 (1), 2002HR[AK V.Fig. 4. Distribution of the Polypodium cambricum L. on the basis of the herbarium specimens.up to 190017%1900–193074%1930–19604%from 19601%without date4%Fig. 5. Temporal structure of specimens of Polypodium vulgare L. complex in both herbarium col-lections.The herbarium collections do not contain specimens collected during planned floristicresearch of approximately similar intensity in all parts of Croatia. These maps thus illus-trate a partial distribution only, on the basis of individual collections, over a longer period,during which some parts of Croatia were not included in the research and so are not repre-sented among the specimens collected. The time dynamics of herbarium specimen collec-tions shows a drastic fall in the recent period. Since the 1950s botanical research in Croatiahas been focused on phytosociological research, together with a sharp fall in the intensityof floristic and taxonomic research.Literature data for taxa from the P. vulgare complex have not been mentioned since it isimpossible for them to be revised taxonomically in line with the most recent taxonomic ap-proaches.More complete data on the distribution of the P. vulgare complex than these shown herecan be obtained only by planned, organised floristic mapping of the entire area of Croatia.ReferencesAKEROYD, J. R., JERMY, A. C., 1993: Polypodium L. In: TUTIN, T. G., BURGES, N. A.,CHATER, A. O., EDMONDSON, J. R., HEYWOOD, V. H., MOORE, D. M., VALENTINE, D. H.,WALTERS, S. M., WEBB, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea 1., 15–16. Cambridge UniversityPress, Cambridge.DOSTÁL, J., REICHSTEIN, T., 1984: Polypodium L. In: KRAMER, K. U., (Hrsg.), HEGI, G.,Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa. 1 (1), 279–285. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin.HR[AK, V., 2000: Two fern taxa from the Polypodium vulgare L. complex – new forCroatia. Acta Bot. Croat. 59, 375–381.JERMY, A. C., CAMUS, J. M., 1998: Illustrierter Leitfaden zum Bestimmen der Farne undfarnverwandten Pflanzen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. SVF, Zürich.JÄGER, W., LEONHARDS, W., LESCHUS, H., 1994: Die Gattung Polypodium im BergischenLand und in dem angrenzenden Gebieten. 2. Teil: Dokumentation der mikro- undmakro-morphologischen Befunde. Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins Wuppertal 47, 73–80.MAYER, E., HORVATI], S., 1967: Polypodium L. Analitika Fl. Jugoslav. 1, 150–152.MLAKAR, J., 1987: Rod Polypodium v Sloveniji. Biol. Vestn. 35(1), 45–58.NEUROTH, R., 1996: Biosystematik und Evolution des Polypodium vulgare – Komplexes(Polypodiaceae, Pteridophyta). Diss. Bot. 256.NIKOLI], T., BUKOVEC, D., [OPF, J., JELASKA, S. D., 1998: Kartiranje flore Hrvatske –mogu}nosti i standardi. Nat. Croat. 7, Suppl. 1, 62.PHILIPPI, G., 1993: Polypodium L. In: SEBALD, O., SEYBOLD, S., PHILIPPI,G. (Hrgs.), DieFarn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, 184–187. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stutt-gart (Hohenheim).ACTA BOT. CROAT. 61 (1), 2002 49REVISION OF POLYPODIUM VULGARE

Taxonomic and chorologic revision of the Polypodium vulgare complex in Herbarium Croaticum and the Ivo and Marija Horvat Herbarium

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