Stability of quantitative traits of the Bc winter wheat varieties

Abstract

U trogodišnjem pokusu ispitivana su neka kvantitativna svojstva kod deset sorata ozime pšenice u određenim agroekološkim uvjetima. Rezultati su potvrdili prisutnost značajne varijabilnosti za sva svojstva i to u zavisnosti od nasljedne osnove i utjecaja okolinskih faktora. Prinos zrna pokazuje visoku varijabilnost jer su ustanovljene signifikantne razlike između sorata i između godina. Najveći prosječni prinos utvrđen je za sortu Liberta (6,217 kg/ha), a koeficijent varijabilnosti kretao se od 28.2 do 36.9. Varijabilnost svojstva za masu 1000 zrna koja je iznosila od 7.01 do 15.07 i sedimentacije od 8.8 do 24.3 više je zavisila od genetskih faktora, a manje od utjecaja vanjskih činitelja.Visina biljaka bila je vrlo varijabilna i zavisila je od uvjeta sredine kao i genetske konstitucije sorte. Najveća prosječna visina biljaka od 80 cm utvrđena je kod sorata Patrie i Mihelce, a najniža kod standardne sorte Žitarke 70 cm. Koeficijent varijabilnosti iznosio je od 20.5 do 28.7. Parametri varijabilnosti za najvažnija kvantitativna svojstva pšenice pokazuju na vrlo povoljnu reakciju sorata Patrie, Marije i Liberte na različite uvjete proizvodnje. Na osnovu ostvarenih prinosa i parametara varijabilnosti usta-novljeno je da je moguće stvoriti sorte pšenice koje zadovoljavaju oba kriterija: rodnost i stabilnost.In a three-year investigation some quantitative traits of ten winter wheat cultivars were studied under particular agrarian-ecological condition. The results have confirmed the existence of significant variability of the characteristics depending on the base of inheritance and the effect of ecological factors. The yield of grains is a highly variable character, in regard to which significant diferences were found between cvs. and between years. The highest average grain yield was found in the cv. Liberta (6,217 kg/ha), and the variability coefficient ranged from 28.2 to 36.9. The variability coefficient of the 1000 kernel weight from 7.01 to 15.07 and sedimentation test from 8.8 to 24.3 depended on the genetic factors and only to a lesser extent on environmental conditions. The height of plant was highly variable depending on environmental condition as well as on the genetic conditions. Cvs. Mihelca and Patria had highest plants 80 cm, and lowest check Žitarka 70 cm. The variability coefficient ranged from 20.5 to 28.7. The variability parameters for most important quantitative traits implicate to very suitable reaction to growing under different production conditions for cvs. Patria, Marija and Liberta. Based on the obtained yields and variability parameters, development of wheat varieties which can meet both criteria: yielding capacity and stability seems to be possible

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