Mirela Slukan-Altić

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Presentations                                                                                                                                                                      KiG 2002,1144Száz Várrajz Wűrttembergergben = HundertFestungspläne in WürttembergGyörgy Kisari BallaThis bilingual Hungarian-German edition isdedicated to the fortification plans. As it can be seenfrom the title itself, there are even 100 manuscriptplans involved kept in the State Library inWürttemberg (Landesbibliothek) and they havemostly not been published so far. They were madeduring the 16th and 17th centuries within the frameof activities on organising the defence against theTurks. The greatest part of the plans refers toHungary of that time, which means in a narrowersense to the present territory of Hungary andSlovakia. But a certain number of plans refer also toAustria, Bosnia and Croatia. Since we deal here withvery early fortification plans that played a key role indefending the Croatian land from the Turks, thisbook is equally important source for studyingmilitary plans of the 16th and 17th centuries as forstudying the fortification of numerous Croatiansettlements. Among Croatian fortification there arethe plans of Rijeka, Senj, Otočac, Dabar, Jasenovac,Sisak, Hrastelnica, Krievci, Gradec, Cirkvena,Zrinski Topolovac, Koprivnica, Đurđevac, Legrad,Petrinja and Bihać (a part of Croatia before thebreakthrough of the Turks).The book starts with a short three-lingual foreword(Hungarian, German, English). Then there is achapter on Turkish conquering of Europe (DieTürkische Eroberungen), and then the chapter oncartographic works in the period of Turkishbreakthrough into Europe (Kartierung in derTürkenzeit). The author then presents the StateLibrary in Württemberg (Die WürtembergerischeLandesbibliothek), especially its Map Collectionwhere she carried out her research. Her research innumerous map collections is described in a specialchapter (Die Entdeckung der Stuttgarter Karten imUngarischem Bezug).The second part of the book starts with explanationsreferring to the elements of plan description(cataloguing) followed by the complete list of allhundred plans. The list includes the followingelements: title, location indication, time indication,dimensions, scale, short description and planproduction technique. Unfortunately, the largest partof the plans is neither signed not dated, and theauthor has determined the century of their productiononly generally.The plans are listed following the order by which theyhave been bound in the atlas. Then there are thereproductions of all plans. Unfortunately, thereproductions are mostly black and white, butconsidering their dimension (A4) and large scale, theyare very well legible. Sixteen plans are reproduced incolour with the Croatian fortification Legrad beingamong them.The book has been made as a result of long-termresearch carried out by the author on the sourcematerial, which gives the book a special value.Although many questions referring to the identificationof plans remained open, the reproduction of plans anddetailed quoting of symbols makes it exceptionallyvaluable manual for the researchers of Croatianfortifications and cartography, developed for themilitary purposes in the period as Ottoman Empire wasspreading.Mirela Slukan-AltićPrikazi                                                                                                                                                                                   KiG 2002,1145Száz Várrajz Wűrttembergergben = HundertFestungspläne in WürttembergGyörgy Kisari BallaOvo dvojezično mađarsko-njemačko izdanjeposvećeno je planovima utvrda. Kao to je vidljivo iznaslova, radi se o čak 100 rukopisnih planova koji sečuvaju u Zemaljskoj knjinici Württemberg(Landesbibliothek) i do sada uglavnom nisu biliobjavljivani. To su planovi različite provenijencije,koji su očito naknadno uvezani u jedinstven atlas.Nastali su tijekom 16. i 17. stoljeća u sklopuorganiziranja obrane od Turaka. Najveći dio planovaodnosi se na tadanju Ugarsku, odnosno u uemsmislu na dananji prostor Mađarske i Slovačke. No,određeni broj planova odnosi se i na Austriju, Bosnute Hrvatsku. S obzirom na to da se radi o vrlo ranimplanovima utvrda koje su imale ključnu ulogu obranihrvatskih zemalja od Turaka, ta je knjiga jednakovaan izvor za proučavanje vojnih planova 16. i 17.stoljeća, kao i za praćenje utvrđivanja mnogihhrvatskih naselja. Među hrvatskim utvrdamazastupljeni su planovi Rijeke, Senja, Otočca, Dabra,Jasenovca, Siska, Hrastelnice, Krievaca, Gradeca,Cirkvene, Zrinskog Topolovca, Koprivnice,Đurđevca, Legrada, Petrinje te Bihaća (prije prodoraTuraka u sastavu Hrvatske).Knjiga započinje kratkim trojezičnim predgovorom(mađarski, njemački, engleski jezik). Zatim slijedipoglavlje o turskim osvajanjima Europe (DieTürkischen Eroberungen) i poglavlje o kartografskimradovima u doba turskih prodora u Europu(Kartierung in der Türkenzeit). Autorica zatimpredstavlja Zemaljsku knjinicu Württemberg (DieWürttembergerische Landesbibliothek), posebnonjezinu Kartografsku zbirku, u kojoj je istraivala.Svoj istraivački rad u mnogobrojnim kartografskimzbirkama autorica opisuje u zasebnom poglavlju (DieEntdeckung der Stuttgarter Karten mit UngarischemBezug).Drugi dio knjige započinje objanjenjima gledeelemenata opisa (katalogiziranja) planova, a nakontoga slijedi potpuni popis svih stotinu planova. Popisuključuje ove elemente: naslov, njegovu mjesnuodrednicu danas, vremensku odrednicu, dimenzije,mjerilo, kratak opis i tehniku izrade plana. Na alostnajveći dio planova nije potpisan ni datiran, već jeautorica okvirno određivala samo stoljeće njihoveizrade.Planovi su popisani slijedom kojim su uvezani uatlasu. Zatim slijede reprodukcije svih planova.Reprodukcije su na alost uglavnom crno-bijele, no sobzirom na njihovu dimenziju (A4) i krupno mjerilo,vrlo su dobre čitljivosti. esnaest je planovareproducirano u boji, a među njima se nalazi ihrvatska utvrda Legrad.Knjiga je nastala kao rezultat dugogodinjihistraivanja autorice na izvornoj arhivskoj građi, toknjizi daje osobitu vrijednost. Iako su mnoga pitanjaidentifikacije reproduciranih planova ostala otvorena,zbog reprodukcija planova i detaljnog citiranjasignatura to je iznimno dragocjen priručnik zaistraivače hrvatskih utvrda i kartografije nastale zavojne potrebe u razdoblju irenja OsmanskogCarstva.Mirela Slukan-Altić

Száz Várrajz Wűrttembergergben = Hundert Festungspläne in Württemberg, György Kisari Balla

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