Relationship of Psychological Characteristics and Oral Diseases with Possible Psychosomatic Aetiology

Abstract

Ispitivanje je provedeno da bi se utvrdila prevalencija oralnih bolesti Aphthae recidivantes, Lichen ruber planus, simptoma kserostomije i stomatopiroze, zatim oralnih parafunkcija, bruksizma i disgeusije te ispitala njihova moguća povezanost s različitim intenzitetima psihičkih svojstava samopoštovanja, anksioznosti i neurotizma u istom ispitnom uzorku stanovnika jednoga dijela Gorskoga kotara. U ispitivanje je bilo uključeno 277 ispitanika koji su potanko oralno pregledani i izvršena su odgovarajuća oralna ispitivanja. Psihološko ispitivanje provedeno je s pomoću dijelova psihotesta “18 PF”. Ispitivanje je pokazalo da se na području Fužina i Lokava najčešće javljaju oralne parafunkcije (u 36,1 % ispitanika) i aftozne lezije (19,2% ispitanika), zatim bruksizam (13,7 %), kserostomija (12,27 %) i stomatopiroze (10,3%), a rijetko se javljaju poremećaji okusa (2,3 %) i oralni lichen (1,2 %). Psihološko je ispitivanje pokazalo da u ispitnome uzorku postoje tendencije prema visokome stupnju samopoštovanja, niskome stupnju anksioznosti i još nižemu stupnju općeg neurotizma. Utvrđeno je da postoji pozitivna povezanost između pojave kserostomije, stomatopiroze, recidivirajućih afti i bruksizma u odnosu prema pojavi anksioznosti, te stomatopiroze i kserostomije s neurotizmom. Nalazi su statistički znatni, ali se na osnovi takvih deskriptivnih ispitivanja ne može tvrditi da su promatrana duπevna svojstva uzrok nastanku tih bolesti već da su samo s njima znatno povezani.The object of the study was to determine the incidence of the following oral diseases, Aphthae recidivante, Lichen ruber planus, symptoms of xerostomia and stomatopyrosis, and oral parafunction, bruxism and dysgeusia and to examine their possible connection with different intensities of psychological characteristics of self-esteem, anxiety and neuroticism in a sample of inhabitants from the Gorski Kotar area. The study consisted of 277 subjects in whom a detailed oral examination and oral testing were performed. Psychological testing was performed by using part of pychotest “18 PF”. The examination showed that in the area of Fuæina and Lokava oral parafunction most frequently occurred (in 36.1% of subjects) aphthae lesions (19.2%), followed by bruxism (13.7%), xerostomia (12.27%) and stomatopyrosis (10.3%). Taste disorders (2.3%) and oral lichen (1.2%) rarely occurred. The psychological examination indicated that there was a tendency towards a high level of self-esteem, low level of anxiety and still lower level of general neuroticism. Positive correlation was determined between the occurrence of xerostomia, stomatopyrosis, recurring aphthae and bruxism in relation to the occurrence of anxiety, and stomatopyrosis and xerostomia with neuroticism. The findings were statistically significant, although on the basis of such descriptive examinations it is impossible to claim that the examined psychological characteristics are the cause of the occurrence of these diseases, only that they are significantly connected with their occurrence