Incidence of Orofacial Clefts in Croatia from 1988 to 1998

Abstract

U Hrvatskoj dosad nije bilo učinjeno slično epidemiološko ispitivanje o incidenciji orofacijalnih rascjepa. Studijom su obuhvaćena djeca rođena u razdoblju od 1. siječnja 1988. godine do 31. prosinca 1998. od majki sa stalnim mjestom boravka u Hrvatskoj. U promatranih 11 godina ukupno je rođeno 525.298 živorođene djece. Uvidom u medicinsku dokumentaciju novorođenčadi iz neonatoloških centara, te u medicinsku dokumentaciju centara koji provode kirurški tretman djece s orofacijalnim rascjepom, evidentirano je 903-oje djece rođene s rascjepom, od kojih su 24-ero bili blizanci (2,65%). Incidencija za navedeno razdoblje je 1,71/1000 ili 1/581. Ako izdvojimo "sindromske" rascjepe, incidencija "nesindromskih" je 1,56/1000 ili 1/641. Incidencija se mijenjala tijekom godina, od 1,43/1000 do 2,02/1000. Promatrajući odvojeno rascjep usne s rascjepom nepca ili bez njega (CL±P) i izolirani rascjep nepca (CP), incidencija je 1,05/1000 za CL±P, odnosno 0,66/1000 za CP. Prikazano po regijama, najviša incidencija orofacijalnih rascjepa zabilježena je u srednjoj Hrvatskoj (1,88/1000), a najniža je u Lici i u sjevernom Primorju (0,91/1000). Od ukupnoga broja djece zahvaćenih rascjepom 56,4% je muških i 43,6% ženskih, što predstavlja odnos 1,29:1. Više muških evidentirano je s rascjepom CL±P, a CP je češći u ženskoj populaciji.No similar study on the incidence of orofacial clefts has been conducted in Croatia to date. This study included children born between January 1, 1988 and December 31, 1998, to mothers resident in Croatia. During the 11-year study period there were 525,298 live-births. A review of medical records on live-births from neonatology units and medical documentation from institutions providing surgical treatment for children with orofacial clefts revealed 903 children born with clefts, 24 (2.65%) of them twins, yielding a cleft incidence of 1.71 per 1000 or 1/581 for the study period. When "syndrome" clefts were excluded the incidence of "non syndrome" clefts was 1.56 per 1000 or 1/641. During the study period the incidence of orofacial clefts varied from 1.43 per 1000 to 2.02 per 1000. Considering cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) and isolated cleft palate (CP) separately, the incidence of CL±P and CP was 1.05 per 1000 and 0.66 per 1000, respectively. According to districts of Croatia, the highest incidence of orofacial clefts was recorded in central Croatia (1.88/1000) and lowest in Lika and north Primorje (0.91/1000). According to sex, there were 56.4% male and 43.6% female children born with orofacial cleft, yielding a 1.29:1 male to female ratio. CL±P was more common in the male population and CP in the female population