The present case report was aimed at the successful clinical management of mummification in a primiparous

Jersey cross-bred cow that was successfully delivered per vaginum following use of PGF2

α synthetic analogue, Valethamate

Bromide and Diethylstilbestrol followed by hot fomentation of anterior vagina

Amit Kashyap

Amit Sharma

Madhumeet Singh

Shriya Gupta

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113Short CommunicationSUCCESSFUL VAGINAL DELIVERY OF  MUMMIFIED FOETUS IN A CROSS BRED COW: ACASE REPORTShriya Gupta*, Amit Sharma, Madhumeet Singh, Amit KashyapReceived 07 March 2018, revised 06 May 2018Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Himachal PradeshAgricultural University, Palampur – 176062, India.*Corresponding author. e-mail: 1994shriyagupta@gmail.comABSTRACT: The present case report was aimed at the successful clinical management of mummification in a primiparousJersey cross-bred cow that was successfully delivered per vaginum following use of PGF2α  synthetic analogue, ValethamateBromide and Diethylstilbestrol followed by hot fomentation of anterior vagina.Key words: Foetal mummification, Jersey cross-bred cow, PGF2α, Clostenol.Mummification is the shrivelling of foetus duringwhich corpus luteum (CL) remains intact, cervix remainsclosed, resorption of foetal fluid occur and the foetusbecomes dry, paper-like (Jackson 2004). Mummificationof bovine foetuses has an incidence of 0.13-1.8% (Arthuret al. 1996). Breed and previous occurrence are the mainrisk factors, with a higher incidence of foetalmummification in Jersey and Guernsey cattle. Foetalmummification associated with a persistent CL isobserved mainly in cattle and goats, both species beingdependent on progesterone produced by the CL for themaintenance of pregnancy (Lefebvre et al. 2009). Severalcauses for this condition have been reported with specialreferences to bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD), leptospirosisand moulds (Roberts 1962); mechanical factor such ascompression or torsion of the umbilical cord or both(Mahajan and Sharma 2002); defective placentation(Irons 1999); genetic anomalies (Roberts 1962) andabnormal hormonal profiles. Due to tissue degenerationand autolysis, a definitive aetiology of mummification israrely determined.The caseA 2.5 years old cross-bred Jersey heifer was presentedin Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, HimachalPradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, India with the historyof prolonged gestation by about a half month, withoutshowing any signs of approaching parturition. Feeding,urination and defecation of the heifer was normal andthere were no signs of systemic illness. The clinicalparameters including heart rate, pulse rate, temperatureand respiration rate were normal. Vaginal examinationrevealed one finger dilatation of the cervix without anydischarge. On per rectal examination, hard bony masswas palpated. But, no foetal movement, cotyledons,fremitus and foetal fluid was felt. Based on the findingsof physical examination and per vaginal examination, thecondition was diagnosed as foetal mummification andhence, medicinal approach was opted for its management.The treatment was attempted by administering thecombination of three drugs. Cloprostenol sodium 2 ml(Clostenol®, Zydus AH Ltd., India), Valethamate Bromide10 ml (Epidosin®, TTK, Healthcare Ltd., India) andDiethylstilbestrol 10 ml (DSTL®, Le-Mantus PharmaLtd, India) intramuscularly. Per vaginal examination after24 hours revealed cervical relaxation up to two fingers.After another 12 hours, vaginal examination exhibitedno further improvement in dilatation of cervix.  Since,i complete cervical dilation was there, so manualdilatation of cervix along with hot fomentation of anteriorvagina for 30 minutes thrice at every 1 hour was donewhich led to complete dilatation of cervix and foetus wasdelivered manually with mild traction after correction ofthe posture (Fig. 1). The crown to rump length of foetuswas 22 inches. Following the foetal delivery, the cowwas administered Streptopenicillin  2ml/50kg bodyweight once in a day (DCR-S®, Zydus AHL, India),Meloxicam @ 0.2mg/kg IM (Melonex®, Intas Pharma,India) for 3 days and Inj. Oxytocin 100 IU, total dose(Evatocin®, Neon Labs, India ) intramuscularly.Explor Anim Med Res,Vol. 8, Issue - 1, 2018, p. 113-114ISSN  2277- 470X (Print), ISSN 2319-247X (Online)Website: www.animalmedicalresearch.org114Exploratory Animal and Medical Research, Vol.8, Issue 1, June, 2018In cattle, foetal mummification generally occurs after70 days of gestation, without any concomitant luteolysisof the CL or opening of the cervix. The foetal death inbovine mummification occurs at any time between 3 to 8months of gestation and, therefore, such a foetus whereossification of bones has already occurred, cannot beresorbed. Due to persistence of the corpus luteum abortiondoes not occur in such cases. With resorption of the foetalfluids and a tightly closed cervix, the foetal mummy ispreserved in a sterile environment (Tadesse et al. 2015).Most mummified foetuses will remain in uterus untiltreatment is given for their expulsion or removed bycesarean section (Rajoriya et al. 2014). Medical treatmentmay consist of administration of a PGF2α analogue toinduce luteolysis, leading to expulsion of the foetus withintwo to four days (Wenkoff and Manns 1997). Estrogenmay also be used to exacerbate the regression of thecorpus luteum and induce contraction of uterine muscles,relaxation of the cervix and expulsion of the mummifiedfoetus. After expulsion, cows usually conceive on firstand second estrous cycle (Robert 1986).In the present case, regression of CL, cervical dilatationand expulsion of mummified foetus was achieved withPGF2α, Valethamate bromide and Diethylstilbestrol andhot fomentation of the anterior vagina. The prognosisfor fertility after foetal expulsion was good in this caseas the animal conceived in the subsequent estrus.REFERENCESArthur GH, Noakes DE, Person H, Parkinson TJ (1996)Sequelae to embryonic or foetal death. In: VeterinaryReproduction and Obstetrics. 7 th edn. Philadelphia; W.B.Saunders.  127-128.Irons PC (1999) Hysterotomy by a colpotomy approach fortreatment of foetal mummification in a cow. J S Afr Vet Assoc70: 127-129.Jackson PGG (2004) Dystocia in the Ewe. In: Handbook ofVeterinary Obstetrics. (2 nd edn.), Saunders, London.  105-124.Lefebvre  CR, Saint-Hilaire E, Morin I, Couto GB, FrancozD, Babkine M (2009) Retrospectives case study of fetalmummification in cows that did not respond to prostaglandinsF2∝ treatment. Can Vet J  50(1): 71-76.Mahajan M, Sharma A (2002) Haematic mummification dueto umbilical cord torsion in a cow- a case report. Indian VetJ  79: 1186-1187.Rajoriya JS, Kumar A, Prasad JK, Bhaghel Mahendra MadhuDN, Kumar S, Rafee MA (2014) Retrieval of foetal mummifiedfoetus by caesarean section in cattle: a case report. Vet Pract15(2): 311.Roberts SJ (1962) The enigma of fetal mummification.J Am Vet Med Assoc  140: 691-698.Roberts SJ (1986) Disease and accidents of the gestationperiod. In: Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases. 3 rd edn.N wton Abbot, UK: David and Charles.  123-144.Tadesse G, Birhanu A, Gebrekidan B, Belete S, Khar SK(2015) Bovine haematic mummification- new observations-report of two cases in HF crossbred cows in mekelle.Theriogenology Insight  5(1): 25-32.Wenkoff  MS, Manns JG (1977) Prostaglandin-inducedexpulsion of bovine fetal mummies. Can Vet J  18: 44-45.Fig. 1: Mummified foetus delivered through forcedextraction.*Cite this article as: Gupta S, Sharma A, Singh M, Kashyap A (2018) Successful vaginal delivery of mummified foetus in across bred cow: a case report. Explor Anim Med Res  8(1): 113-114.

SUCCESSFUL VAGINAL DELIVERY OF MUMMIFIED FOETUS IN A CROSS BRED COW: A CASE REPORT

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SUCCESSFUL VAGINAL DELIVERY OF MUMMIFIED FOETUS IN A CROSS BRED COW: A CASE REPORT

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