Served state soil, its fertility recovery issues and efficient use and the task of training specialists agronomic profile, capable of environmentally safe use of land resources and increase their fertile force. Ukraine has rich natural land resources and favorable climatic conditions for growing crops. However, natural, extensive use - high level of tilled agricultural land (over 82%, and in some areas more than 90%), gross return porkschshennya laws made in the soil of crop materials, lower natural potential fertility. As a result, in recent decades the humus content in the soil of Ukraine decreased by 0.22% and amounts to 3.14%, including in the Cherkassy region, the figure dropped from 3.25 to 3.05% and the creditworthiness of the soil decreased from 62.4 to 48.1 points. The annual loss of humus in the soil Ukraine up 0.5-0.7 t/ha, and in Cherkasy 0,6 t/ha, in industrial terms is respectively within 100 and 3 billion. One of the priorities in the regulation of land use and cessation of use of natural soils are of the modern scientific and methodological level shyrokomashtabne survey of land resources and their mapping. Only materials of modern land surveys can develop a science-based program and implement soil conservation and crop growing technologie
