The antibacterial therapy in children remains a complicated and an unsolved problem of medicine. Despite the fact that antibiotics are largely available, every year more and more bacteria become resistant to these drugs. Also, there is only a small number of new antibacterial agents introduced into practice, especially for respiratory system infections. This is due to the fact that systemic antibiotics poorly penetrate into the pulmonary tissue and do not create high concentrations at the site of inflammation. With increased doses of systemic antibacterial agents, their toxic effect on the body of the patient also increases. Therefore, the usage of inhalation route for the intake of these agents is a modern one and reduces the risk of systemic side effects. In the literature review conducted by us, the main advantages of inhalation intake of antibiotics have been examined, the analysis of the basic preparations usage has been carried out and the disadvantages and side effects of the inhalation route of the antibacterial agents intake have been identified. It is also worth noting that the inhaled antibiotics are practically not used as monotherapy, but only in combination with antibiotics with systemic action. They cannot be an alternative or a substitute for systemic drugs. The usage of this group of drugs makes it possible to improve the results of treatment of the respiratory diseases in children, especially with chronic inflammatory processes. The inhaled antibiotics can be one more important step in the fight against antibiotic resistance
