The present investigation was carried out with 240 goat farmers financed under Public Sector Bank (PSB)

and Microfinance Institution (MFI) in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India, to find out their knowledge on health care

and general management. The study revealed that 46.25 %, 37.50 % and 16.25 % of the respondents were having low,

medium and high level of knowledge on health care and general management respectively. The socio-economic variables

in case of the respondents of the PSB like age, education, livestock possession, land holding and income are positively

correlated with knowledge on health care and general management. Only Family size variable was found significantly

associated with knowledge on health care and general management. In case of the respondents of the MFI, age, family

size, livestock possession and land holding are positively correlated with knowledge on health care and general management.

Whereas, the variables like education and income are negatively correlated. No variable was found significantly associated

with knowledge on health care and general management in case of MFI respondents

Bhabesh Chandra Das

Komal Chandrakar

Pitambar Swain

Ramanuj Panda

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173Research ArticleKNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF GOAT FARMERS OF MAYURBHANJ DISTRICT OFODISHA, INDIA ON HEALTH CARE AND GENERAL MANAGEMENTRamanuj Panda, Bhabesh Chandra Das*, Pitambar Swain, Komal ChandrakarReceived 25 April 2018, revised 18 September 2018ABSTRACT: The present investigation was carried out with 240 goat farmers financed under Public Sector Bank (PSB)and Microfinance Institution (MFI) in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India, to find out their knowledge on health careand general management. The study revealed that 46.25 %, 37.50 % and 16.25 % of the respondents were having low,medium and high level of knowledge on health care and general management respectively. The socio-economic variablesin case of the respondents of the PSB like age, education, livestock possession, land holding and income are positivelycorrelated with knowledge on health care and general management. Only Family size variable was found significantlyassociated with knowledge on health care and general management. In case of the respondents of the MFI, age, familysize, livestock possession and land holding are positively correlated with knowledge on health care and general management.Whereas, the variables like education and income are negatively correlated. No variable was found significantly associatedwith knowledge on health care and general management in case of MFI respondents.Key words: Public Sector Bank, Microfinance Institution, Knowledge, Health Care.College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar -751003, India.*Corresponding author. e-mail: drbdas1@rediffmail.comINTRODUCTIONGoat farming provides much needed livelihood supportto the landless and weaker sections of the society.Approximately 20 million small and marginal farmersdepend on goat farming and this enterprise contributesaround 8 % of total livestock GDP and generate 4%employment directly and indirectly in the country (AnnualReport of Government of India 2012). They are not onlyimportant source of employment and income for theweaker sections but also a vital source for animal proteinfor their family. They also provide readily financialsupport to weaker sections of the society in distress. Inspite of having potential of good economic returns fromgoat rearing, goat farmers have very poor income levels.There may be a number of reasons responsible for such asituation.The productivity of goats under the prevailingtraditional extensive production system is low (Singh andKumar 2007) mainly because of feed scarcity and lackof adoption of improved technologies and managementpractices. This sector is highly effected due to highincidence of different diseases (Roy et al. 2015) and lossesin a year due to the diseases is Rs. 945 per goat (Thamboreand Sinha 2009). Morbidity and mortality losses due toPeste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) only were calculatedto be about Rs. 301 and Rs. 2,558 per goat respectively(Roy et al. 2015). It has been further observed that themain limitations to effective livestock health managementare inadequate focus on preventive measures, lack ofmedicines and equipment in rural veterinary clinics andignorance among the farmers. The main cause of leesreturn from the goat farming is the lack of knowledge ofgoat farmers on modern goat keeping. NSSO (2005) hadrevealed that only 5.1% of the farmer households in Indiaare able to access information on animal husbandryagainst 40.4% of the Indian households accessinginformation on modern technologies for crop farming.Therefore, the present investigation was carried out toknow the knowledge level of goat farmers on health careand general management.MATERIALS  AND  METHODSThe Mayurbhanj district of the State was selectedpurposively as it possesses large number of goats incomparison to the other districts of the state. Six blocksof the district were selected randomly from 31 blocksand from these each block, 20 goat farmers taken loanfrom the Public Sector Bank (PSB) and 20 goat farmersExplor Anim Med Res,Vol.8, Issue - 2, 2018, p. 173-177ISSN  2277- 470X (Print), ISSN 2319-247X (Online)Website: www.animalmedicalresearch.org174Exploratory Animal and Medical Research, Vol.8, Issue 2, December, 2018taken loan form the Microfinance Institutions (MFI)  wereselected randomly form the existing list of data availableat lead bank office located in district Head Quarter,Baripada. Therefore, in total 240 respondents (120 PSBand 120 MFI) constituted the sample size of the study.To measure the health care and general managementknowledge of the respondents, 10 questions related tovarious aspects of goat health care and management weredeveloped and they were validated by highly experiencedexperts of different Departments of Veterinary Collegeand Animal Husbandry Department of Government ofOdisha. Each question was having multiple choices forthe respondent to answer. On the basis of the response,the respondents were awarded a score to each question.For 10 questions, the scores of the respondent weretotalled and that was considered as total score of therespondent on health care and general managementknowledge. On the basis of knowledge scores, all therespondents were categorised into 3 groups that is low,medium and high. The data from the respondents werecollected during January, 2017 to May, 2017. Theinformation was collected personally by the investigatorfrom the respondents with the help of the pretestedinterview schedule. The information collected were thenclassified and analysed statistically to draw meaningfulconclusions.RESULTS  AND  DISCUSSIONKnowledge level of the  goat  farmers on healthcare and general managementThe Goat farmers were tested for their knowledgeregarding health care and general management and thefindings are presented in Table 1.  53.34 % of goat farmersunder PSB could tell one disease. 35 per cent 7.5 % and4.16 % of the goat farmers could able to enumerate twodiseases, three diseases no disease respectively.  UnderMFI, 45 per cent goat farmers enumerated two diseases,30 per cent and 21.67 per cent enumerated one and threediseases respectively.In PSB, only 10 per cent goat farmers knew about theherd vaccination whereas 36.67 % of MFI goat farmersknew about the herd vaccination. Among the PSB goatfarmers, deworming of age of the kid was correctlyidentified by 16.67 per cent of farmers where as in MFI,35.83 per cent goat farmers were able identified thecorrect deworming age of kid. Three months as theinterval at which the adult animal is to be dewormed iscorrectly stated by 35 per cent and 10 per cent by MFIand PBS beneficiaries respectively. 45 per cent of thegoat farmers of MFI correctly said that more than threeweeks is the duration of colostrum’s feeding in kids incontrast to 13.34 per cent of PSB goat farmers. 30 percent of the goat farmers in PSB and 44.17 per cent ofgoat farmers in MFI knows that colostrum provides bothimmunity and nutrition and 30.8 per cent of goat farmersin PSB and 14.17 per cent farmers in MFI does not knowsthe importance of the colostrum feeding. The castrationtiming of kids is 3 months was correctly said by25 per cent of the PSB goat farmers and 50 per cent ofMFI goat farmers and 35.83 per cent of goat farmers ofPSB and 13.34 per cent of goat farmers have knowledgethat castration is done above 6 months. 19.17 per cent ofgoat farmers in PSB and 45.83 per cent of goat farmersin MFI knew that the open and closed method ofcastration. Orientation of goat house in East- Westdirection was correctly mentioned by 28.34 per cent ofgoat farmers of PSB and 51.67 per cent of goat farmersin MFI. 36 per cent of goat farmers in PSB and 55 percent of goat farmers in MFI knew that height of the goatfarm is above the ground level. Distribution of the respondents on the basis of theirknowledge related to health care and generalmanagementThe distribution of the respondents according to theirknowledge level on health care and general managementis presented in Table 2 and Fig. 1. The table reveals thatthe majority of the respondents in PSB (55.83%) werehaving low level of knowledge on health care and generalmanagement, whereas 26.67 % of the respondents werefound having medium level of knowledge on health careand general management and 17.50 % of the respondentswere found in the category of high level. In case of MFI,majority of the respondents (48.33%) were havingmedium level of knowledge on health care and generalmanagement, whereas 36.67 % of the respondents weref und having low level of knowledge on health care andgeneral management and 15% of the respondents werefound in the category of high level. The pooled dataFig. 1. Distribution of the Respondents on the basis oftheir Knowledge related to Health Care and GeneralManagement.175Name the disease against which vaccination should be done?Enumeration of 3 or more diseases 3 9 7.5 26 21.67Enumeration of 2 diseases 2 42 35 54 45Enumeration of 1 disease 1 64 53.33 36 30Enumeration of no diseases 0 5 4.16 4 3.34What is according to you as herd vaccination?Above 80% of animal vaccinated 2 12 10 44 36.6770% to 80% of total animal 1 72 60 60 50Less than 70% of the total animal 0 36 30 16 13.34Name the deworming age of the kid?Within one week 2 29 24.16 11 9.16Within two weeks 1 71 59.16 66 55Within three weeks 0 20 16.67 43 35.83At what interval the adult animal is dewormed?3 months 2 10 8.34 42 356 months 1 70 58.33 62 51.671 year 0 40 33.34 15 12.5What is the duration of the colostrum feeding in kids?Correctly said more than three weeks 2 16 13.34 54 45Correctly said more than one and less than three weeks 1 59 49.16 56 46.67No response/wrongly answered 0 45 37.5 10 8.33Why the new born kids should be feed colostrum?Increase immunity + nutrition 2 36 30 53 44.17Only act as a source of nutrition 1 47 39.16 52 43.34No answer 0 37 30.83 17 14.17Name the castration timing of kids?3 months 2 30 25 60 503-6 month 1 47 39.17 44 3.676 months above 0 43 35.83 16 13.34Name the method of castration?Correctly named 2 2 23 19.17 55 45.83Correctly named 1 1 64 53.34 53 44.17Cannot able to name any 0 33 27.5 12 10Orientation of goat house?E-W direction 1 35 28.33 62 51.67N-S direction 0 85 70.83 58 48.34Height of the goat farm?Correctly said 1 36 30 66 55Not correctly said 0 64 70 34 45PSBNo. ofrespondentsScore%MFINo. ofrespondents %StatementsTable 1. Knowledge level of the goat farmers on health care and general management.Knowledge level of goat farmers of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India on health care and general management176Exploratory Animal and Medical Research, Vol.8, Issue 2, December, 2018showed that 46.25 %, 37.50 % and 16.25 % of therespondents were having low, medium and high level ofknowledge on health care and general management. Thealmost similar types of findings were reported by variousauthors in their studies (Roy et al. 2017, Sagar et al. 2013,Dey et al. 2007).Relational analysis of selected traits of therespondents with their knowledge related to healthcare and general managementThe data of selected socio-economic variables weresubjected to zero order correlation with knowledge onhealth care and general management. The result presentedin the Table 3 reveals that variables in case of therespondents of the PSB like age, education, livestockpossession, livestock possession, land holding and incomeare positively correlated with knowledge on health careand general management. Family size variable was foundsignificantly associated with knowledge on health careand general management. However, the study of Ray andTiwari (2017) reported that the family size is notsignificant with the adoption of improved goat husbandrypractices. In case of the respondents of the MFI, age,family size, livestock possession and land holding arepositively correlated with knowledge on health care andgeneral management. Whereas the variables likeeducation and income are negatively correlated. Novariable was found significantly associated withknowledge on health care and general management incase of MFI respondents.CONCLUSIONThe present study shows that the borrowers ofMicrofinance Institution possesses moderately betterknowledge on various aspects of healthcare and generalmanagement of goat husbandry than the borrowers ofPublic Sector Banks. This was due to the frequent visitof the MFI officials to the houses of goat farmers andgiving them various information related to goat farming.As most of the goat farmers of the study areas are fromunderprivileged section of the society, they must be1 Age 0.1254 0.14342 Education 0.2198 -0.28493 Family size 0.2677* 0.18254 Livestock possession 0.1456 0.01965 Land holding 0.0850 0.21486 Occupation 0.0422 0.02147 Income 0.2436 -0.1502* Significant at the 5% levelSl. No. Variable PSB MFICorrelationCoefficient (r)Table 3. Relational analysis of selected traits of therespondents with their knowledge related to health careand general management.Low Level Knowledge<( Mean- S.D)PSB=( <6.73)MFI=( <9.75)Medium Level Knowledge( Mean- S.D) to ( Mean + S.D)PSB=(6.73  to 11.57)MFI=( 9.75 to 13.25)High Level Knowledge>( Mean+ S.D)PSB=(>11.57)MFI=(>13.25)Total67 55.83 44 36.67 111 46.2532 26.67 58 48.33 90 37.5021 17.5 18 15 39 16.25120 100 120 100 240 100PSBMaximum Score = 14Mean=9.15S.D = 2.42MFIMaximum Score = 15Mean=11.50S.D =1.75Category Freq. (%) Freq. (%) Freq. (%) RemarksPSB MFI PooledTable 2. Distribution of the respondents on the basis of their knowledge related to health care and general management.177regularly trained to adopt improved goat rearing practicesto get more benefit from the occupation.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThe authors are very much thankful to the Hon’bleVice-Chancellor, Orissa University of Agriculture andTechnology, Bhubaneswar, India for providing necessaryfacilities to carry out this research work.REFERENCESDey A, Barari SK, Yadav BPS (2007) Goat productionscenario in Bihar, India. Livest Res Rural Dev 19: 123.Government of India (GOI) (2012) 19th Livestock Census-2012. All India Report. Ministry of Agriculture, Department ofAnimal Husbandry, Dairy and Fisheries, Krishi Bhawan, NewDelhi.NSSO (2005) Access to modern technology for farming,situation assessment survey of farmers, 59 th Round, ReportNo. 499(59/33/2), National Sample Survey Organisation(NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation,Government of India, New Delhi.Cite this article as: Panda R, Das BC, Swain P, Chandrakar K (2018) Knowledge level of goat farmers of Mayurbhanj district ofOdisha, India on health care and general management. Explor Anim Med Res 8(2): 173-177.Roy R, Tiwari R (2017) Farmers’ knowledge and adoptionlevel on goat healthcare management practices in selected areasof India Bang. J Anim Sci 46(2): 95-101.Roy R, Tiwari R, Dutt T (2015) Incidence of important goatdiseases and economic losses under field condition. Indian JAnim Sci 85(10): 1084-1086.Roy R, Tiwari R, Bharti PK, Dutt T (2017) Knowledge leveland adoption of scientific kid health management among goatowners under field conditions. Indian J Anim Sci 87(1): 78-79Sagar CV, Tiwari R, Sharma MC, Roy R (2013) Livestockhealthcare management practices in dry land areas of TamilNadu. Indian J Vet Medic 33(1): 58-60.Singh NP, Kumar S (2007) An alternative approach toresearch for harnessing production potential of goats, inproceedings of fourth National Extension Congress, JKVV,Jabalpur, March 9-11.  5-9.Thambore NN, Sinha MK (2009) Economic implication ofPeste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) disease in sheep and goats:A sample analysis of district Pune, Maharashtra.Agril Economics Res Rev 22: 319-322.Knowledge level of goat farmers of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India on health care and general management

KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF GOAT FARMERS OF MAYURBHANJ DISTRICT OF ODISHA, INDIA ON HEALTH CARE AND GENERAL MANAGEMENT

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KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF GOAT FARMERS OF MAYURBHANJ DISTRICT OF ODISHA, INDIA ON HEALTH CARE AND GENERAL MANAGEMENT

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