Melanemerella brasiliana (Ulmer, 1920) occurs in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Espírito Santo states, Brazil. Here, we record it for the first time from the state of Bahia. The new record is based on nymphs collected from Serra Bonita Reserve, municipality of Camacan, Bahia

Rodolfo Mariano

Vinícius Silva

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New record and distribution extension of Melanemerella brasiliana (Ulmer, 1920) (Ephemeroptera: Melanemerellidae) from Bahia, Brazil

Silva, Vinícius

Mariano, Rodolfo

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Check List the journal of biodiversity data1New record and distribution extension of Melanemerella brasiliana (Ulmer, 1920) (Ephemeroptera: Melanemerellidae) from Bahia, BrazilVinícius A. Silva & Rodolfo Mariano1 Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos (LOA), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), KM. 16 rod Ilhéus-Itabuna, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil1 Corresponding author. E-mail: rodolfomls@gmail.comAbstract. Melanemerella brasiliana (Ulmer, 1920) occurs in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Espírito Santo states, Brazil. Here, we record it for the first time from the state of Bahia. The new record is based on nymphs collected from Serra Bonita Reserve, municipality of Camacan, Bahia.Key words. Neotropics; mayfly; northeastern Brazilian; Atlantic Forest biomeThe genus Melanemerella was first described in the family Ephemerellidae (Ulmer 1920), but its systematic position in the Ephemeroptera has changed several times since. Wang & McCafferty (1996) reviewed the holotype of Melanemerella brasiliana (Ulmer, 1920) and concluded that it belongs to the family Leptophlebiidae, based on morphological characters of the female adult, at the time the only known stage. Later, Molineri & Domínguez (2003) described the nymphal and eggs stages of this species, and based on their cladistic analy-sis, they concluded that M. brasiliana belongs to the Epheme-relloidea; they erected the family Melanemerellidae for this species. Ogden et al. (2009), confirmed the phylogenetic posi-tion within the Ephemerelloidea of Melanemerellidae, but its sister-group remains uncertain. Melanemerellidae is monotypic and endemic to Brazil, with records from the states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, and São Paulo (Wang & McCafferty 1996, Molineri & Domínguez 2003, Henriques-Oliveira & Nessimian 2010). The male imago still unknown.We collected M. brasiliana in Serra Bonita Reserve, municipality of Camacan, southern Bahia, Brazil (Fig. 1). This forest reserve is one of the last remaining fragments of high-altitude Atlantic Forest in the state. The reserve has a unique habitat with significant altitude gradients of native Atlantic Forest (200–1080 m) (Amorim et al. 2009). Nymphs were collected with an aquatic entomological net. Four specimens were fixed in 80% ethanol and were deposited in the collection of the Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (LOA/UESC MZUESC code: Eph0446): Voucher material. Brazil, Bahia, Camacan, Reserva Par-ticular do Patrimônio Natural Serra Bonita, river Chuchuzeiro, Dip Net, 1-IV-2011, 15°23ʹ01.07ʺ S, 039°34ʹ10.0ʺ W (geodetic datum: SAD69), elev. 813 m, col. Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática.The identifications and information on the geographical distri-bution of species were consulted in Domínguez et al. (2006) and specific papers for species (Wang & McCafferty 1996; Molineri & Domínguez 2003; Henriques-Oliveira & Nes-simian 2010). We identified our specimens as M. brasiliana by observing characteristics of the gills, mouth parts, legs, and abdomen (Fig. 2). The nymph of Melanemerella can be sepa-rated from all other genera of Ephemerelloidea by the follow-ing combination of characters: 1) lateral margins of submentum rounded; 2) lapial palpi 3-segmented; distal segment reduced; 3) maximum width of fore-femur equals maximum length, and with an acute median projection on leading edge; 4) middle coxae with a dorsal acute projection; 5) gills presents on seg-ments 2–6, ventral lamellae of gills 2–5 bifid and festooned; 6) gills of segment 2 opercular; 7) paired posteromedial projections present on abdominal terga (Molineri & Domínguez 2003).Melanemerella brasiliana was first recorded from the state of Espírito Santo by Ulmer (1920) in the original description. Unfortunately, no precise locality data was given as to where it was collected. Recently, Henriques-Oliveira & Nessimian (2010) recorded this species from Serra da Bocaina National Park, between the cities of São José do Barreiro, São Paulo state and Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro state, and Molineri & Domínguez (2003) found it in municipally of Campos do Jordão, also São Paulo state. These previous records were from streams at altitudes from 400 to 1500 m (Henriques-Oliveira & Nessimian 2010) and from 1500 to 1620 m (Molineri & Domínguez 2003). The altitude where we collected this spe-cies was 813 m, also above 400 m. Nymphs of M. brasiliana are exclusive to lotic habitats and appear to have a preference for decaying leaf litter.To date, M. brasiliana is know only from the Southeastern Region of Brazil (Ulmer 1920, Molineri & Domínguez 2003, Henriques-Oliveira & Nessimian 2010). Our new record is the first from Bahia and the Northeastern Region. Melanemerella brasiliana is endemic to the Atlantic Forest Check List 13(3): 2155, 25 June 2017 https://doi.org/10.15560/13.3.2155ISSN 1809-127X © 2017 Check List and Authors313215525 June 2017Notes oN GeoGraphic DistributioNSilva & Mariano | Melanemerella brasiliana from the state of Bahia, Brazil Check List | www.biotaxa.org/cl Volume 13 | Issue 3 | Article 2155 2biome, known for its remarkable biodiversity, but under seri-ous threat, with only 3% its original area remaining. Our new record of M. brasiliana from Bahia is an important discovery because it expands the known distribution of this species (and its family) into the Atlantic Forest.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe thank Dr. Adolfo Calor and the Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática team (LEAq/UFBA) for collecting the material from RPPN Serra Bonita. Laboratório de Mirmecologia–CEPLAC/UESC, Dra. Clea Mariano, and Dr. Jacques Delabie to provide the access to the stereomicroscope with a digital camera for the final figures. We thank Dr. Kevin Lewis for his comments and review of the manuscript.LITERATURE CITEDAmorim, A.M., Jardim, J.G., Lopes, M.M.M., Fiaschi, P., Borges, R.A.X., Perdiz R.O., & Thomas, W.W. 2009. Angiospermas em remanescentes de Floresta Montana no sul da Bahia, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 9: 313–348. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032 009000300028  Domínguez, E., Molineri, C., Pescador, M.L., Hubbard, M.D. & Nieto, C. 2006. Ephemeroptera of South America; pp. 1–646, in: Adis, J., Arias, J.R., Rueda-Delgado, G. & Wantzen, K.M. (eds.). Aquatic biodiversity of Latin America. Vol. 2. Moscow/Sofia: Pensoft.Henriques-Oliveira, A.L. & Nessimian, J.L. 2010. Aquatic macroin-vertebrate diversity and composition in streams along an altitudinal gradient in southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica 10: 115–128. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032010000300012 Ogden T.H., Gattolliat, J.L., Sartori, M., Staniczek, A.H., Sol-dan, T. & Whiling, M.F. 2009. Towards a new paradigm in mayfly phylogeny (Ephemeroptera): combined analysis of morphological and molecular data. Systematic Entomology 34: 616–634. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00488.x Molineri C. & Domínguez, E. 2003. Nymph and egg of Melaneme-rella brasiliana (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerelloidea: Melanemerell-idae), with comments on its systematic position and the higher classification of Ephemerelloidea. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 22: 263–275. https://doi.org/10.2307/1467997 Figure 1. Records of Melanemerella brasiliana for Brazil: yellow circle = previously known records; red star = new record.Silva & Mariano | Melanemerella brasiliana from the state of Bahia, Brazil Check List | www.biotaxa.org/cl Volume 13 | Issue 3 | Article 2155 3Authors’ contributions. Both RM and VS wrote the text and made the map and the illustrations.Received: 5 October 2016 Accepted: 17 March 2017Academic editor: Lucimar Gomes-DiasUlmer, G. 1920. Neue Ephemeropteren. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 85: 1–80.Wang, T.Q. & McCafferty, W.P. 1996. Redescription and reclassi-fication of the South American mayfly Melanemerella brasiliana (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Entomological News 107: 99–103. Figure 2. Melanemerella brasiliana habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. (Silva and Mariano photos)

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Melanemerella brasiliana (Ulmer, 1920) occurs in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Espírito Santo states, Brazil. Here, we record it for the first time from the state of Bahia. The new record is based on nymphs collected from Serra Bonita Reserve, municipality of Camacan, Bahia.</jats:p

Vinícius A. Silva

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New record and distribution extension of Melanemerella brasiliana (Ulmer, 1920) (Ephemeroptera: Melanemerellidae) from Bahia, Brazil

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