This research has accomplished an exceptional achievement to synthesize metallic nano-ribbons. A simple and fast spray method has been used to fabrication the metallic ribbon-shape nanostructures on the cotton fabrics. In fact cotton fabrics can act as a good template directing the shape of nanostructures. The method to achieve this end has been reported and discussed. The SEM micrographs demonstrated the nano-ribbon fabrication.
Evaluation the electrical conductivity disclosed that electrical resistance of fabrics containing the silver nano-ribbons has been decrease about 7640 times as compared to untreated
one. In fact electrical resistance has been declined from 6.53×109.cm-1 on treated fabrics to 8.55 ×105.cm-1 on untreated fabrics. Consequently, applying this technique decreases
the electrical resistance by four orders of magnitude.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2063

Babaahmadi, V.

Dastjerdi, Roya

Electronic Sumy State University Institutional Repository

324                  Nanomaterials: Applications and Properties (NAP-2011). Vol. 1, Part II              BOOSTING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF TEXTILES VIA FABRICATION OF SILVER NANO-RIBBONS USING THE FIBER TEMPLATES Roya Dastjerdi* and V. Babaahmadi   Textile Engineering Department, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran  ABSTRACT This research has accomplished an exceptional achievement to synthesize metallic nano-ribbons. A simple and fast spray method has been used to fabrication the metallic ribbon-shape nanostructures on the cotton fabrics. In fact cotton fabrics can act as a good template directing the shape of nanostructures. The method to achieve this end has been reported and discussed. The SEM micrographs demonstrated the nano-ribbon fabrication. Evaluation the electrical conductivity disclosed that electrical resistance of fabrics contain-ing the silver nano-ribbons has been decrease about 7640 times as compared to untreated one. In fact electrical resistance has been declined from 6.53×109 .cm-1 on treated fabrics to 8.55 ×105 .cm-1 on untreated fabrics. Consequently, applying this technique decreases the electrical resistance by four orders of magnitude.   Key words: Electrical conductivity; Nano-ribbons; Metallic; fiber template.  INTRODUCTION Electrically conductive polymers such as polypyrrole and and polyaniline has been used in order to increase textile conductivity [1]. Many potential applications of electrically conductive textiles, such as sensors, static charge dissipation, ¿lters, electro-magnetic interference shield, and special purpose clothing acting as protec-tion or dust and germ free purpose have been driven num-bers of researches to improve textile conductivity [2]. By developing electrically conductive nanostruc-tures, promotion electrical conductivity of textiles using conductive nanostructures like nano-metal, nano-carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNT) [2], etc. has been highlighted as the subject of renewed interest. Among the various conductive mate-rials such as gold, palladium, silver, nickel, copper, graphite and carbon ¿ber, silver can present the best properties due to the excellent conductivity and chemical dura-bility[3]. On the other hand, producing different shapes of nanostructures as well as modifying substrates on their basis is a high topic of interest [4-7]. This research has achieved an excellent success to synthesize metallic nano-ribbons with the feature of increasing conductivity of cotton fabrics. METHODS OF SAMPLE MANUFACTURING AND ANALYSIS Materials: Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP, Mw 10,000) was purchased from                                                * e-mail: nanobiotex@yahoo.com (Roya Dastjerdi), tel: (+98)3518122685  Nanomaterials: Applications and Properties (NAP-2011). Vol. 1, Part II              325  Aldrich Chemical Company. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) with 99% purity and eth-ylene-glycol were purchased from Merck Chemical Company. A solution of PVP and AgNO3 in ethylene-glycol (EG) have been prepared and applied on the pre-washed cotton fabric samples, In fact, regarding complete solubility of silver nitrate and PVP in EG, the appropriate solutions of these two compounds have been provided under ultra-sound and then with respect to the miscibility of these solutions, the desired mixtures of these three chemicals have been prepared and applied immediately for fabric treatments by spray method. Spraying technique is one method for treatment of almost any surface. On the base of this method, the solutions were sprayed onto the fabric surface using a Paasche airbrush. In de-tailed explanation, samples were sprayed by the prepared solution containing 1.5 mM silver salt (AgNO3) and 8gr per100ml ethylene-glycol (EG) and dried at 160±5°C for 8 min. Fabrications of the nano-ribbons on the fiber surfaces and their morphologies have been investigated by means of a Vega ©Ts 5136 MM Tescan scanning electron microscopy applying 30 KeV. and magnification of  about 50000. The electrical conductivity of each sample has been evaluated ac-cording to the DIN 54345 by means an eltex tera-ohm-meter 6206. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This research aimed to synthesize of metallic nano-ribbons by controlling evaporation velocity of ethylene-glycol on the fabric structure as a template which leads to the controlling the shape of nanostructures. Ethylene-glycol (EG) acts as a reducing agent to reduce Ag+ to nano-particles [8]. In this research, poly(N-vinylpirrolidone) (PVP) was used as the best protective agent to prevent from agglomeration of particles. PVP can encircle the formed particles without any limitation for crystal growth [8]. Silver nanoparticles are crystalline struc-tured materials. Therefore two known factors including nucleation and crystal growth direct the formation of the crystals [9]. In fact, using complete solubility of silver nitrate in ethylene-glycol desired concentration of AgNO3 in EG can be prepared.  By gradually evaporation of eth-ylene-glycol as well as developing reac-tion, Ag ion concentration increases to the saturation point and thus the nucleation occurs. Then crystal growth can be pur-sued. Consequently, treating surface with pre-solutions having concentrations lower than saturation point and then controlling the evaporation rate of the solution on the fabric templates is the aim of the control of crystal geometry via controlling the con-centration of Ag ion, reducing agent, and  Fig. 1 – Nano-ribbons fabricated on the faber surfaces [10] 326                  Nanomaterials: Applications and Properties (NAP-2011). Vol. 1, Part II              stabilizer simultaneously. Consequently proposed technique can provide a geom-etry controlled method to in-situ synthesize nano-ribbons on the fabric templates [10]. SEM micrographs verify the formation of silver nano-ribbons. Figure 1 shows the treated samples. Lack of nano-ribbons on the sample treated with maximum concentration of AgNO3 (Fig. 2) alone as well as the untreated sam-ple (Fig. 3) confirmed that reduction of Ag ions to Ag nano-particles cannot be achieved without any reducing agent like ethylene-glycol [10].    Fig. 2 – a) Lack of nano-rods on the sample treated with the same concentration of AgNO3 alone, b) “a” with lower magnification  On the basis of Sun et al. find-ing [11], the high temperature is a key factor for the shape controlled synthesizing nano-rods in the solu-tion. However, present research disclosed that silver nano-ribbons can be formed on the fabric tem-plate at high temperature. It fact, the nano-porous structure of cotton can act as a nano-reactor and hence a good template to control the shape of nanostructuers. Evaluation of the electrical conductivity dis-closed that electrical resistance of fabrics containing the silver nano-ribbons has been decrease about 7640 times as compared to untreated one. In fact electrical resistance has been declined from 6.53×109cm-1 on treated fabrics to 8.55×105cm-1 on untreated fabrics. Con- Fig. 3– Lack of nano-rods on the untreated sample b Nanomaterials: Applications and Properties (NAP-2011). Vol. 1, Part II              327  sequently, applying this technique decreases the electrical resistance by four orders of magnitude. CONCLUSIONS This paper deals the electrical conductivity of fabrics containing silver nano-ribbons. The cotton fabric substrate has been used as a template to control of the nanostructure shapes. A ribbon shape silver nanostructures has been formed via a simple and fast spray method. Formation nano-ribbons was prov-en by SEM micrographs. It is interesting that the electrical resistance has been decreased from 6.53×109cm-1 on treated fabrics to 8.55×105cm-1 on un-treated fabrics. Consequently, about four orders of magnitude decrease in the electrical resistance has been obtained using this technique. REFERENCES [1] M. Panhuis,  J.  Wu,  S.  A.  Ashraf,  G.  G.  Wallace,  Synthetic  Metals,  2007,  157,  P.  358–362. [2] P. Xue, K.H. Park, X.M. Tao et al. Composite Structures, 2007, 78, P. 271–277. [3] H.  H.  Lee,  K.  S.  Choua,  Z.  W.  Shihb,  International  Journal  of  Adhesion  & Adhe-sives, 2005, 25, P. 437–441. [4] R. Dastjerdi, M. Montazer, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2010, 79, P. 5–18. [5] C. Zhang, Q. Liu, N. Zhan et al. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2010, 353(1), P. 64-68. [6] R. Dastjerdi, M.R.M. Mojtahedi, A.M. Shoshtari, Macromolecular Research, 2009, 17, P. 378-387.  [7] C.C. Li, C.L. Huang, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2010, 353, P. 52-56. [8] G. Carotenuto,  G.P. Pepe, L. Nicolais. Eur. Phys. J. B, 2000, 16, P. 11-17. [9] R. Dastjerdi,  M.R.M. Mojtahedi,  A.M. Shoshtari,  A. Khosroshahi ,   Journal  of the Textile Institute, 2010, 101, P. 204-213. [10] R. Dastjerdi, V. Babaahmadi, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. As-pects, in press, doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.06.026. [11] Y. Sun, B. Gates, B. Mayers, Y. Xia. Nano Letters, 2002, 2(2), P. 165-168.    

Boosting electrical conductivity of textiles via fabrication of silver nano-ribbons using the fiber templates

SocioEconomic Challenges Journal (Sumy State University)

324                  Nanomaterials: Applications and Properties (NAP-2011). Vol. 1, Part II             
 
BOOSTING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF TEXTILES 
VIA FABRICATION OF SILVER NANO-RIBBONS 
USING THE FIBER TEMPLATES 
Roya Dastjerdi* and V. Babaahmadi  
 
Textile Engineering Department, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran 
 
ABSTRACT 
This research has accomplished an exceptional achievement to synthesize metallic 
nano-ribbons. A simple and fast spray method has been used to fabrication the metallic 
ribbon-shape nanostructures on the cotton fabrics. In fact cotton fabrics can act as a good 
template directing the shape of nanostructures. The method to achieve this end has been 
reported and discussed. The SEM micrographs demonstrated the nano-ribbon fabrication. 
Evaluation the electrical conductivity disclosed that electrical resistance of fabrics contain-
ing the silver nano-ribbons has been decrease about 7640 times as compared to untreated 
one. In fact electrical resistance has been declined from 6.53×109 .cm-1 on treated fabrics 
to 8.55 ×105 .cm-1 on untreated fabrics. Consequently, applying this technique decreases 
the electrical resistance by four orders of magnitude.  
 
Key words: Electrical conductivity; Nano-ribbons; Metallic; fiber template. 
 
INTRODUCTION 
Electrically conductive polymers such as polypyrrole and and polyaniline has 
been used in order to increase textile conductivity [1]. Many potential applications 
of electrically conductive textiles, such as sensors, static charge dissipation, ¿lters, 
electro-magnetic interference shield, and special purpose clothing acting as protec-
tion or dust and germ free purpose have been driven num-bers of researches to 
improve textile conductivity [2]. By developing electrically conductive nanostruc-
tures, promotion electrical conductivity of textiles using conductive nanostructures 
like nano-metal, nano-carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNT) [2], etc. has been 
highlighted as the subject of renewed interest. Among the various conductive mate-
rials such as gold, palladium, silver, nickel, copper, graphite and carbon ¿ber, silver 
can present the best properties due to the excellent conductivity and chemical dura-
bility[3]. On the other hand, producing different shapes of nanostructures as well as 
modifying substrates on their basis is a high topic of interest [4-7]. This research has 
achieved an excellent success to synthesize metallic nano-ribbons with the feature 
of increasing conductivity of cotton fabrics. 
METHODS OF SAMPLE MANUFACTURING AND ANALYSIS 
Materials: Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP, Mw 10,000) was purchased from 
                                               
* e-mail: nanobiotex@yahoo.com (Roya Dastjerdi), tel: (+98)3518122685  
Nanomaterials: Applications and Properties (NAP-2011). Vol. 1, Part II              325 
 
Aldrich Chemical Company. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) with 99% purity and eth-
ylene-glycol were purchased from Merck Chemical Company. A solution of PVP 
and AgNO3 in ethylene-glycol (EG) have been prepared and applied on the pre-
washed cotton fabric samples, In fact, regarding complete solubility of silver 
nitrate and PVP in EG, the appropriate solutions of these two compounds have 
been provided under ultra-sound and then with respect to the miscibility of these 
solutions, the desired mixtures of these three chemicals have been prepared and 
applied immediately for fabric treatments by spray method. Spraying technique is 
one method for treatment of almost any surface. On the base of this method, the 
solutions were sprayed onto the fabric surface using a Paasche airbrush. In de-
tailed explanation, samples were sprayed by the prepared solution containing 1.5 
mM silver salt (AgNO3) and 8gr per100ml ethylene-glycol (EG) and dried at 
160±5°C for 8 min. Fabrications of the nano-ribbons on the fiber surfaces and 
their morphologies have been investigated by means of a Vega ©Ts 5136 MM 
Tescan scanning electron microscopy applying 30 KeV. and magnification of  
about 50000. The electrical conductivity of each sample has been evaluated ac-
cording to the DIN 54345 by means an eltex tera-ohm-meter 6206. 
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 
This research aimed to synthesize of metallic nano-ribbons by controlling 
evaporation velocity of ethylene-glycol on the fabric structure as a template 
which leads to the controlling the shape of nanostructures. Ethylene-glycol (EG) 
acts as a reducing agent to reduce Ag+ to nano-particles [8]. In this research, 
poly(N-vinylpirrolidone) (PVP) was used as the best protective agent to prevent 
from agglomeration of particles. PVP can encircle the formed particles without 
any limitation for crystal growth [8]. Silver nanoparticles are crystalline struc-
tured materials. Therefore two known factors including nucleation and crystal 
growth direct the formation of the crystals [9]. In fact, using complete solubility 
of silver nitrate in ethylene-glycol desired concentration of AgNO3 in EG can be 
prepared.  
By gradually evaporation of eth-
ylene-glycol as well as developing reac-
tion, Ag ion concentration increases to the 
saturation point and thus the nucleation 
occurs. Then crystal growth can be pur-
sued. Consequently, treating surface with 
pre-solutions having concentrations lower 
than saturation point and then controlling 
the evaporation rate of the solution on the 
fabric templates is the aim of the control of 
crystal geometry via controlling the con-
centration of Ag ion, reducing agent, and 
 
Fig. 1 – Nano-ribbons fabricated on 
the faber surfaces [10] 
326                  Nanomaterials: Applications and Properties (NAP-2011). Vol. 1, Part II             
 
stabilizer simultaneously. Consequently proposed technique can provide a geom-
etry controlled method to in-situ synthesize nano-ribbons on the fabric templates 
[10]. 
SEM micrographs verify the formation of silver nano-ribbons. Figure 1 
shows the treated samples. Lack of nano-ribbons on the sample treated with 
maximum concentration of AgNO3 (Fig. 2) alone as well as the untreated sam-
ple (Fig. 3) confirmed that reduction of Ag ions to Ag nano-particles cannot be 
achieved without any reducing agent like ethylene-glycol [10].  
 
 
Fig. 2 – a) Lack of nano-rods on the sample treated with the same concentration of 
AgNO3 alone, b) “a” with lower magnification 
 
On the basis of Sun et al. find-
ing [11], the high temperature is a 
key factor for the shape controlled 
synthesizing nano-rods in the solu-
tion. However, present research 
disclosed that silver nano-ribbons 
can be formed on the fabric tem-
plate at high temperature. It fact, 
the nano-porous structure of cotton 
can act as a nano-reactor and hence 
a good template to control the 
shape of nanostructuers. Evaluation 
of the electrical conductivity dis-
closed that electrical resistance of 
fabrics containing the silver nano-ribbons has been decrease about 7640 times as 
compared to untreated one. In fact electrical resistance has been declined from 
6.53×109cm-1 on treated fabrics to 8.55×105cm-1 on untreated fabrics. Con-
 
Fig. 3– Lack of nano-rods on the untreated 
sample 
b 
Nanomaterials: Applications and Properties (NAP-2011). Vol. 1, Part II              327 
 
sequently, applying this technique decreases the electrical resistance by four 
orders of magnitude. 
CONCLUSIONS 
This paper deals the electrical conductivity of fabrics containing silver 
nano-ribbons. The cotton fabric substrate has been used as a template to control 
of the nanostructure shapes. A ribbon shape silver nanostructures has been 
formed via a simple and fast spray method. Formation nano-ribbons was prov-
en by SEM micrographs. It is interesting that the electrical resistance has been 
decreased from 6.53×109cm-1 on treated fabrics to 8.55×105cm-1 on un-
treated fabrics. Consequently, about four orders of magnitude decrease in the 
electrical resistance has been obtained using this technique. 
REFERENCES 
[1] M. Panhuis,  J.  Wu,  S.  A.  Ashraf,  G.  G.  Wallace,  Synthetic  Metals,  2007,  157,  P.  
358–362. 
[2] P. Xue, K.H. Park, X.M. Tao et al. Composite Structures, 2007, 78, P. 271–277. 
[3] H.  H.  Lee,  K.  S.  Choua,  Z.  W.  Shihb,  International  Journal  of  Adhesion  & Adhe-
sives, 2005, 25, P. 437–441. 
[4] R. Dastjerdi, M. Montazer, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2010, 79, P. 5–
18. 
[5] C. Zhang, Q. Liu, N. Zhan et al. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and 
Engineering Aspects, 2010, 353(1), P. 64-68. 
[6] R. Dastjerdi, M.R.M. Mojtahedi, A.M. Shoshtari, Macromolecular Research, 2009, 
17, P. 378-387.  
[7] C.C. Li, C.L. Huang, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering 
Aspects, 2010, 353, P. 52-56. 
[8] G. Carotenuto,  G.P. Pepe, L. Nicolais. Eur. Phys. J. B, 2000, 16, P. 11-17. 
[9] R. Dastjerdi,  M.R.M. Mojtahedi,  A.M. Shoshtari,  A. Khosroshahi ,   Journal  of the 
Textile Institute, 2010, 101, P. 204-213. 
[10] R. Dastjerdi, V. Babaahmadi, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. As-
pects, in press, doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.06.026. 
[11] Y. Sun, B. Gates, B. Mayers, Y. Xia. Nano Letters, 2002, 2(2), P. 165-168. 
 
  


https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/20634/1/14.pdf

Boosting electrical conductivity of textiles via fabrication of silver nano-ribbons using the fiber templates

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Electronic Sumy State University Institutional Repository

SocioEconomic Challenges Journal (Sumy State University)