The aim of the work was to elucidate a nature of charge-selective properties of
macroporous composite inorganic membranes modified with nanoparticles of the ionexchanger,
namely hydrated zirconium dioxide. The membrane was found to be selective
towards anions in acidic media: membrane potential was registered in the solutions
containing 10-100 mol m-3 HCl. Overlapping of intraporous diffusion constituents of
electric double layer cannot be provided under these conditions. The membranes have
been investigated using methods of standard contact porometry, potentiometry, scanning
electron microscopy. The method of transmission electron microscopy was used to
research individual ion-exchanger as well as ceramic powder, which had been obtained
by crumbling up of the non-modified ceramic matrix. Differential curves of volume and
surface distribution have been factorized using Lorentz functions, each maximum has
been related to either structure element both of the matrix and the ion-exchanger. Calculations
according to homogeneous and heterogeneous geometrical models were carried
out to make this relation. Structure of the ceramic matrix has been shown to be formed
with particles of micron size. Particles of the ion-exchanger (6 nm) form aggregates. It
was found that the empties between the aggregates of ion-exchanger nanoparticles are
responsible for charge selectivity because the aggregates cork pores of the matrix. Maximal
radius of pores caused by the aggregates has been estimated as 25 nm. This is in
agreement with porometric data.
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