One-Dimensional Transport of Ultracold Bosons

Abstract

Advances in cooling and trapping of atoms have enabled unprecedented experimental control of many-body quantum systems. This led to the observation of numerous quantum phenomena, important for fundamental science, indispensable for high-precision simulations of condensed-matter systems and promising for technological applications. However, transport measurements in neutral quantum gases are still in their infancy in contrast to the central role they play in electronics. In these lectures, after reviewing nascent experiments on quantum fermionic transport, I will focus on our theoretical prediction sand the possibility of experimental observations of qualitatively new phenomena in transport of ultracold bosons which do not have a direct counterpart in quantum electronic transport in condensed matter systems. The description of this transport is based on the Luttinger liquid (LL) theory. So in the first part of the lectures I will introduce main concepts of the LL based on the functional bosonisation approach.Comment: Lecture notes for 13th International School on Theoretical Physics "Symmetry and Structural Properties of Condensed Matter", Sep 2018, Rzesz\'ow, Polan