Influence of recombinant human erythropoietin on cardiovascular and kidney functions in rats with endothelial dysfunction : effects of interactions with chronic exercise

Abstract

L'administration chronique de rHuEPO peut engendrer de graves effets secondaires. Une augmentation de l’hématocrite provoquée par la rHuEPO, en augmentant l'érythrocytose, la viscosité sanguine et les forces de cisaillement à la surface vasculaire, peut être responsable d'hypertension artérielle (HTA) et de thromboses artérielles. La présence d'une fonction endothéliale normale et de monoxyde d'azote (NO) peut contrer les effets délétères thrombogène et hypertenseur de l'EPO. Sur ces bases, nous avons étudié les effets cardiovasculaires d'une administration chronique de rHuEPO dans différentes situations : dans le cadre du dopage, chezdes rats "sportifs" présentant une dysfonction endothéliale NO-dépendante induite par l'administration chronique de L-NAME et dans le cadre d'un traitement chez des rats urémiques développant une dysfonction endothéliale NO-dépendante résultante d'une néphrectomie de 5/6de la masse rénale. Chez nos rats entrainés, dopés et traités au L-NAME, nous avons observé une altération de la performance physique avec une mortalité importante (51%). Une HTA sévères'est développée chez ces rats, avec des valeurs de pression artérielle (> 220 mmHg) bien plusélevées que celles des rats recevant le L-NAME seul, associée à une altération de la vasorelaxation NO-dépendante aortique ( 220 mmHg) associated with an impairment of the NO-dependentvasorelaxation (< 60 %). CKD rats also showed an increase in blood pressure and an endothelialdysfunction, in response to acetylcholine in the aorta and in response to a rise in flow in perfusedmesenteric artery. These parameters were improved by exercise. Kidney sections stained withSirius red showed marked fibrosis in CKD rats. Fibrosis, creatinine and albumin were decreasedby exercise alone but were increased in rats from the CKD + EPO + Ex group. NAD(P)H oxidaseactivity and the expression of Nox4, p67phox, and MAPK erk1/2 were increased in CKDrats. Exercise or rHuEPO prevented these increases. However, the NAD(P)H oxidase activityand the expression of MAPK erk1/2 remained high in the kidney of rats from the CKD+EPO+Exgroup. Our data suggest that exercise alone has a protective effect against vascular and renaldysfunction and renal fibrosis. These protective effects are linked to the downregulation of theNADPH oxidase activity and MAPK erk1/2 signaling pathways. However, exercise combinedwith rHuEPO treatment has deleterious effects on kidney structure and function in CKDrats. These adverse effects appear to be related to the stimulation of NADPH oxidase and MAPKerk1/2 signaling pathways. Despite the cardiovascular and renal protective effects of physicaltraining, these results highlight the potentially damaging renal function and structure bycombining exercise with rHuEPO therapy in renal failure. In conclusion, we can say that therHuEPO affects seriously cardiovascular function in trained rat with endothelial dysfunction. Thisrisk being fatal, many sportsmen, looking to increase their performance, put their life in danger.Moreover, having noticed the deleterious effects in the kidney by combining exercise andrHuEPO therapy under experimental conditions on a model of renal failure, we suggest a clinicalinvestigation to verify the transposition of our results to patients with renal failur

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    Last time updated on 20/05/2019