永續都市發展須具備豐富的綠資
源為後盾，因此建立台北都會區近郊
環境林多尺度、多時期生態資料庫，
監測都市近郊環境林地景生態，了解
其分佈、變遷過程，就綠資源蓄積量
進行固碳效益評估，以設法提昇都會
環境品質，實為進行都會近郊環境林
生態系永續經營的基礎。
應用遙測技術與地理資訊系統可
推估大尺度環境林空間分佈，具即時
監測優勢；利用多時衛星影像回溯分
析重建歷史時空資料，可探討環境林
地景變遷之生態意義，為研究環境林
地景生態變遷及經營管理所不容忽視
之重要課題。
本研究首先整理前人研究結果，
瞭解永續生態都市意涵，以及數位空
間資訊理論與技術；次將台北都會區
1986、1990、1995、2001、2002 五年
度各期SPOT 衛星影像，輔以地形圖、
航空照片正射影像及前人研究建立之
綠資源調查成果圖等，進行影像分
類、建檔；藉由差異化植生指數(NDVI)
探討植生錄度分布及其變化情形，以
探討臺北都會近郊環境林之分佈與變
遷，可應用於推估都會區域環境品質
之影響。
研究結果顯示，各期衛星影像分
類部份，在利用已知資料進行訓練樣
區的選取下， 以Transformed
Divergence 進行波譜分離，結果顯示
其分類度確度分別可高達93％以上。
以影像分類結果應用GIS 製作各期小
比例尺土地利用圖，探討台北都會近
郊環境林之分佈與變遷。
台北都會近郊環境林高密度植被
部份，各期以1986 年之所佔面積最
高，其次依序是2002 及1995 年；中
密度植被則以2001 年最多；而低密度
植被部份則以1990 年面積最大；另本
研究之NDVI 值經轉算，其三組類之光
譜特徵值介分別對應草地與農地、雜
林地及林地等。然本區之NDVI 值受地
形因子影響，在山谷陰影區域與都市
近郊農地之植生綠度值重疊，難以完
全分離，故於本區無法有效應用，若
以樣區材積調查資料應用推估固碳量
將產生大誤差，需於其他區域進行相
關研究，以利後續探討NDVI 是否可有
效在都市近郊區域內推估應用之課
題。Green resource is one of the
essential elements for sustainable urban
development. Therefore, building a
1
multi-scale, multi-temporal ecological
database of the environmental forests is
a fundamental work for sustainable
forest ecosystem management. The
database can be used to monitor the
landscape changes; to understand the
distribution of green resources and
ecological succession; and to estimate
the benefit of carbon sequestration for
improving the environmental quality of
the metropolis.
Remote sensing techniques and
GIS, possessing the advantages of
real-time monitoring, can be used to
estimate large scale spatial distribution
of environmental forests. Historical
temporal and spatial data can be rebuilt
by using multi-temporal remote sensing
images, therefore can be used to
investigate the ecological significance of
forest landscape changes. It has become
an important topic for the research of
forest landscape ecological changes and
management.
This study used SPOT images,
obtained in 1986, 1990, 1995, 2001,
2002, topographic maps, aerial
orthophotos, and green resource
inventory data resulted from other
studies to perform image classification.
The greenness distribution and changes
of vegetation was derived from the
normalized difference vegetation index,
and the distribution and changes of
environmental forest of Taipei suburbia
was evaluated. The result can be used to
evaluate the effects of environmental
quality on the Taipei metropolis.
Training samples were selected
with known data, and Transformed
Divergence was used in image
classification. The results indicate that
the classification accuracy is greater
than 93%. GIS was applied to produce
land use maps from the classification
results, then the environmental forest
distribution and changes of Taipei
suburbia was evaluated.
For the high-density vegetation, the
forest area in 1986 was the largest, and
2002, 1995 in subsequent order;
medium-density vegetation was mostly
found in 2001; whereas the low-density
vegetation occupied the largest area in
1990. Moreover, the NDVI values
indicate that spectral signature of these
three categories correspond to grassland,
farmland, and forestland, respectively.
However, the NDVI value was affected
bye the topographic factors of the study
area. The vegetation greenness values of
the shadow area in the valleys and the
farmlands in suburbia was not separable,
therefore can not be used effectively for
the study area. Estimation of carbon
sequestration using the tree volume
measured for the sample plots may
result in large errors. Further study is
suggested to investigate the feasibility of
using NDVI to estimate environmental
forest in city suburbs
