The logic of simply summing crimes of all kind into a single total has long been challenged as misleading. All crimes are not created equal. Counting them as if they are fosters distortion of risk assessments, resource allocation, and accountability. To solve this problem, Sherman (2007, 2010, 2011 and 2013) has offered a general proposal to create a weighted 'Crime Harm Index (CHI).' This article provides and explicates a detailed procedure for operationalizing this idea in UK: what we call the 'Cambridge CHI.' The new elements of the Cambridge CHI presented here are (1) the use of the 'starting point' in the national Sentencing Guidelines to define the number of days in prison for each offence type; (2) the exclusion of proactively detected, previously unreported offences, and (3) a comparative analysis of the Cambridge and other approaches to weighting crime harm, judged by a three-pronged test of democracy, reliability, and cost

Neyroud, Eleanor

Neyroud, PW

Sherman, L

M. Bull

Crossref

Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice

Working with Others to Build Cooperation, Confidence, and Trust

Recognition of sexual violence as a serious problem has been reflected in the wide range of initiatives that over the past 20 years in the UK have been designed to tackle this problem. Emphasis on prevention, protection, and redress has enabled criminal justice and other responses to become increasingly embedded. Nevertheless, a significant lacuna remains in terms of the contours, context, and consequences of intimate partner sexual violence in South Asian communities. Despite victim-survivors’ offering solid evidence of the prevalence of sexual violence in these communities, this kind of abuse is generally not reported to criminal justice agencies (Gilligan, P. and Akhtar, S. (2006). ‘Cultural Barriers to the Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse in Asian Communities: Listening to What Women Say.’ British Journal of Social Work 36(8): 1361–1377; Hohl, K. and Stanko, E. (2015). ‘Complaints of Rape and the Criminal Justice System: Fresh Evidence on the Attrition Problem in England and Wales.’ European Journal of Criminology 12(3): 324–341). Anecdotally, however, this type of violence does appear to have been increasing over time. With that backdrop in mind, this article looks at how four police areas are currently responding to intimate partner sexual violence where the victim-survivor of it is from a South Asian community. In particular, the article evaluates police officers’ levels of understanding with regard to pertinent cultural values and, in turn, assesses the level of training given to help with this awareness, and the appropriateness of front-line police practice. Finally, consideration is also given to what needs to change in order to encourage more victim-survivors from South Asian communities to come forward

Harrison, Karen

Gill, Aisha K.

Repository@Hull - Worktribe

Police responses to intimate partner sexual violence in South Asian communities

Working with others-government agencies, the commercial and not for profit sector, or voluntary groups-has become a common feature of contemporary policing rhetoric. Partnerships have increasingly become a regular theme in policy documents and in some cases this translates into policing legislation. This paper investigates the development of partnerships between agencies including the police through a study of an emerging network of service delivery. Focusing on the development of a network responding to problems on an Australian inner suburban public housing estate, it discusses how police work 'more' or 'less' effectively in this context-identifying factors that impact on their ability to develop strong channels of communication, opportunities for cooperation, and relationships of trust.Arts, Education & Law Group, School of Criminology and Criminal JusticeNo Full Tex

Bull, Melissa

Griffith Research Online

Working with Others To Build Cooperation, Confidence and Trust

Aisha K. Gill

Karen Harrison

Police Responses to Intimate Partner Sexual Violence in South Asian Communities

Recognition of sexual violence as a serious problem has been reflected in the wide range of initiatives that over the past 20 years in the UK have been designed to tackle this problem. Emphasis on prevention, protection, and redress has enabled criminal justice and other responses to become increasingly embedded. Nevertheless, a significant lacuna remains in terms of the contours, context, and consequences of intimate partner sexual violence in South Asian communities. Despite victim-survivors' offering solid evidence of the prevalence of sexual violence in these communities, this kind of abuse is generally not reported to criminal justice agencies (Gilligan, P. and Akhtar, S. (2006). 'Cultural Barriers to the Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse in Asian Communities: Listening to What Women Say.' British Journal of Social Work 36(8): 1361-1377; Hohl, K. and Stanko, E. (2015). 'Complaints of Rape and the Criminal Justice System: Fresh Evidence on the Attrition Problem in England and Wales.' European Journal of Criminology 12(3): 324-341). Anecdotally, however, this type of violence does appear to have been increasing over time. With that backdrop in mind, this article looks at how four police areas are currently responding to intimate partner sexual violence where the victim-survivor of it is from a South Asian community. In particular, the article evaluates police officers' levels of understanding with regard to pertinent cultural values and, in turn, assesses the level of training given to help with this awareness, and the appropriateness of front-line police practice. Finally, consideration is also given to what needs to change in order to encourage more victim-survivors from South Asian communities to come forward.</p

Explore Bristol Research

Roehampton University Research Repository

University of Hull Institutional Repository

English

Sexual abuse reporting rates, which are low in general, are thought to be even worse for those living within British South Asian communities. After brief consideration of why British South Asian women and children do not report sexual abuse, this article focuses on the working practices of the non-governmental agencies that support such women. It reflects on existing legislation and policy and makes several key recommendations with reference to how this, along with practice, should change. The findings indicate an urgent need for a national training programme, the implementation of mandatory healthy relationship programmes, enhanced community involvement, outreach work and the creation of victim groups and mentor schemes

University of Lincoln Institutional Repository

Apollo (Cambridge)