Grenier Albert. Histoire politique de l'Italie ancienne. Premier article. In: Journal des savants, Février 1926. pp. 70-77

A. Andrea

A. Davide

B. Diane

B. Laurent

B. Leon

B. Margherita

C. Vleminckx

C.,James Kevin

delMazo J.

E.F.S.A.Panel on C. CONTAM)

G.‐K. Bettina

H. Christer

H.,Laurentius Ron)

L. JC

M. Manfred

M.,Francesca Romana

N. Elsa

N. Evangelia

N.,Carlo Stefano

P. Annette

S. Dieter

S. Hans

S. Salomon

S. Tanja

V. Barbara

W. Heather

EFSA Journal

In 2016, the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) published a scientific opinion on the acute health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) in raw apricot kernels in which an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 20 μg/kg body weight (bw) was established for cyanide (CN). In the present opinion, the CONTAM Panel concluded that this ARfD is applicable for acute effects of CN regardless the dietary source. To account for differences in cyanide bioavailability after ingestion of certain food items, specific factors were used. Estimated mean acute dietary exposures to cyanide from foods containing CNGs did not exceed the ARfD in any age group. At the 95th percentile, the ARfD was exceeded up to about 2.5-fold in some surveys for children and adolescent age groups. The main contributors to exposures were biscuits, juice or nectar and pastries and cakes that could potentially contain CNGs. Taking into account the conservatism in the exposure assessment and in derivation of the ARfD, it is unlikely that this estimated exceedance would result in adverse effects. The limited data from animal and human studies do not allow the derivation of a chronic health-based guidance value (HBGV) for cyanide, and thus, chronic risks could not be assessed.</p

Schrenk, Dieter

Bignami, Margherita

Bodin, Laurent

Chipman, James Kevin

Mazo, Jesús, del

Grasl-Kraupp, Bettina

Hogstrand, Christer

Hoogenboom, Laurentius

Leblanc, Jean Charles

Nebbia, Carlo Stefano

Nielsen, Elsa

Ntzani, Evangelia

Petersen, Annette

Sand, Salomon

Vleminckx, Christiane

Wallace, Heather

Benford, Diane

Brimer, Leon

Mancini, Francesca Romana

Metzler, Manfred

Viviani, Barbara

Altieri, Andrea

Arcella, Davide

Steinkellner, Hans

Schwerdtle, Tanja

Wageningen Yield 

Evaluation of the health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides in foods other than raw apricot kernels

Grenier, Albert

Persee: Revues scientifique en sciences humaines et sociales

Histoire politique de l'Italie ancienne. Premier article

In 2016, the EFSA Panel&nbsp;on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) published a scientific opinion on the acute health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) in raw apricot kernels in which an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 20&nbsp;μg/kg body weight (bw) was established for cyanide (CN). In the present opinion, the CONTAM Panel&nbsp;concluded that this ARfD is applicable for acute effects of CN regardless the dietary source. To account for differences in cyanide bioavailability after ingestion of certain food items, specific factors were used. Estimated mean acute dietary exposures to cyanide from foods containing CNGs did not exceed the ARfD in any age group. At the 95th percentile, the ARfD was exceeded up to about 2.5‐fold in some surveys for children and adolescent age groups. The main contributors to exposures were biscuits, juice or nectar and pastries and cakes that could potentially contain CNGs. Taking into account the conservatism in the exposure assessment and in derivation of the ARfD, it is unlikely that this estimated exceedance would result in adverse effects. The limited data from animal and human studies do not allow the derivation of a chronic health‐based guidance value (HBGV) for cyanide, and thus, chronic risks could not be&nbsp;assessed.</p

EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)

D. Schrenk

M. Bignami

L. Bodin

J.Kevin Chipman

J. del Mazo

B. Grasl‐Kraupp

C. Hogstrand

L. Hoogenboom

J.C. Leblanc

C.Stefano Nebbia

E. Nielsen

E. Ntzani

A. Petersen

S. Sand

H. Wallace

D. Benford

L. Brimer

F.Romana Mancini

M. Metzler

B. Viviani

A. Altieri

D. Arcella

H. Steinkellner

T. Schwerdtle

Sciensano Publications Repository

In 2016, the EFSA Panel&nbsp;on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) published a scientific opinion on the acute health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) in raw apricot kernels in which an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 20&nbsp;\u3bcg/kg body weight (bw) was established for cyanide (CN). In the present opinion, the CONTAM Panel&nbsp;concluded that this ARfD is applicable for acute effects of CN regardless the dietary source. To account for differences in cyanide bioavailability after ingestion of certain food items, specific factors were used. Estimated mean acute dietary exposures to cyanide from foods containing CNGs did not exceed the ARfD in any age group. At the 95th percentile, the ARfD was exceeded up to about 2.5-fold in some surveys for children and adolescent age groups. The main contributors to exposures were biscuits, juice or nectar and pastries and cakes that could potentially contain CNGs. Taking into account the conservatism in the exposure assessment and in derivation of the ARfD, it is unlikely that this estimated exceedance would result in adverse effects. The limited data from animal and human studies do not allow the derivation of a chronic health-based guidance value (HBGV) for cyanide, and thus, chronic risks could not be assessed

J.K. Chipman

B. Grasl-Kraupp

L.R. Hoogenboom

J.-. Leblanc

C.S. Nebbia

F.R. Mancini

AIR Universita degli studi di Milano

78 p.-6 fig.-26 tab.-3 appendixIn 2016, the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) published a scientific opinion
on the acute health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) in raw apricot
kernels in which an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 20 lg/kg body weight (bw) was established for
cyanide (CN). In the present opinion, the CONTAM Panel concluded that this ARfD is applicable for
acute effects of CN regardless the dietary source. To account for differences in cyanide bioavailability
after ingestion of certain food items, specific factors were used. Estimated mean acute dietary
exposures to cyanide from foods containing CNGs did not exceed the ARfD in any age group. At the
95th percentile, the ARfD was exceeded up to about 2.5-fold in some surveys for children and
adolescent age groups. The main contributors to exposures were biscuits, juice or nectar and pastries
and cakes that could potentially contain CNGs. Taking into account the conservatism in the exposure
assessment and in derivation of the ARfD, it is unlikely that this estimated exceedance would result in
adverse effects. The limited data from animal and human studies do not allow the derivation of a
chronic health-based guidance value (HBGV) for cyanide, and thus, chronic risks could not be
assessed.The EFSA Journal is a publication of the European FoodSafety Authority, an agency of the European Union.Peer reviewe

Del Mazo, Jesús

Hoogenboom, Laurentius (Ron)

Leblanc, Jean-Charles

Viviani, Bárbara

Digital.CSIC

In 2016, the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) published a scientific opinion on the acute health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) in raw apricot kernels in which an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 20 μg/kg body weight (bw) was established for cyanide (CN). In the present opinion, the CONTAM Panel concluded that this ARfD is applicable for acute effects of CN regardless the dietary source. To account for differences in cyanide bioavailability after ingestion of certain food items, specific factors were used. Estimated mean acute dietary exposures to cyanide from foods containing CNGs did not exceed the ARfD in any age group. At the 95th percentile, the ARfD was exceeded up to about 2.5-fold in some surveys for children and adolescent age groups. The main contributors to exposures were biscuits, juice or nectar and pastries and cakes that could potentially contain CNGs. Taking into account the conservatism in the exposure assessment and in derivation of the ARfD, it is unlikely that this estimated exceedance would result in adverse effects. The limited data from animal and human studies do not allow the derivation of a chronic health-based guidance value (HBGV) for cyanide, and thus, chronic risks could not be assessed

del Mazo, Jesús

NARCIS 

https://air.unimi.it/retrieve/handle/2434/652480/1248598/%28CONTAM%29_et_al-2019-EFSA_Journal.pdf

Histoire politique de l'Italie ancienne. Premier article

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