Jesteadt, Walt

Joshi, Suyash Narendra

Weighting patterns for loudness obtained using the reverse correlation method are thought to reveal the relative contributions of different frequency regions to total loudness, the equivalent of specific loudness. Current models of loudness assume that specific loudness is determined by peripheral processes such as compression and masking. Here we test this hypothesisusing 20-tone harmonic complexes (200Hz f0, 200 to 4000Hz, 250 ms, 65 dB/Component) added in opposite phase relationships (Schroeder positive and negative). Due to the varying degree of envelope modulations, these time-reversed harmonic complexes have been shown to produce different outputs at the basilar membrane and different amounts of forward and simultaneous masking. The perceptual weights for loudness did not differ for these two complexes. To determine whether the level rove introduced to obtain weights had changed the fundamental differences in the stimuli, asimilar level rove (68 dB) was introduced on each component of Schroeder positive and negative forward maskers. The Schroder negative maskers continued to be more effective. These results suggest that perceptual weights for loudness are not completely determined by peripheral processes and reflect a central frequency weighting template

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Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 20, 2017Perceptual weights for loudness reflect central spectral processing.Joshi, Suyash Narendra; Jesteadt, WaltPublished in:Acoustical Society of America. JournalPublication date:2011Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordLink back to DTU OrbitCitation (APA):Joshi, S. N., & Jesteadt, W. (2011). Perceptual weights for loudness reflect central spectral processing.Acoustical Society of America. Journal, 132(3).WEDNESDAY MORNING, 24 OCTOBER 2012 SALON 7 ROOSEVELT, 8:30 A.M. TO 11:45 A.M.Session 3aPPPsychological and Physiological Acoustics: Perception and ModelsG. Christopher Stecker, ChairSpeech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105Contributed Papers8:303aPP1. Infants’ ability to separate superimposed vowels. Lynne Werner,Bonnie Lau, and Ashley Flad (Speech & Hearing Sciences, University ofWashington, 1417 North East 42nd Street, Seattle, WA 98105-6246,lawerner@u.washington.edu)Three- and seven-month-old infants were tested using an observer-basedprocedure in three tasks to assess sound source segregation and selectiveattention. The stimuli were tokens of the vowels /a/ and /i/, spoken by twomale talkers, 519 ms in duration, presented at 70 dB SPL. Success wasdefined as achieving 80% correct in fewer than 40 test trials. In the firsttask, infants heard one vowel spoken by one talker repeated at 1319 msintervals. They learned to respond when the talker changed on one repetitionof the vowel. In the second task, the tokens of the two talkers producing thesame vowel were superimposed. Infants heard combined tokens repeatedlyand learned to respond when the vowel produced by one talker changed. Inthe third task, either talker could produce the changed vowel. Infants learnedto respond when one talker, but not the other, produced the changed vowel.Nearly all infants succeeded in the first two tasks. Nearly all 7-month-olds,but few 3-month-olds succeeded at the third task. These results suggest thatthe ability to selectively attend to one of two easily discriminable voicesmatures after the ability to segregate those voices. [Work supported byR01DC00396 and P30DC04661.]8:453aPP2. Off-frequency masking effects on intensity discrimination. Hari-sadhan Patra (Audiology & Speech Pathology, Bloomsburg University, 226CEH, 400 E 2nd Street, Bloomsburg, PA 17815, hpatra@bloomu.edu), ScottSeeman (Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, IllinoisState University, Normal, IL), Adam Burkland, Joseph Motzko, and ErinLolley (Audiology & Speech Pathology, Bloomsburg University, Blooms-burg, PA)Intensity discrimination, where a listener detects an intensity incrementin an equal duration sinusoid or pedestal, is often used as a measure of inten-sity resolution. Intensity discrimination may be considered as tone-in-tonemasking, where the pedestal is the masker and the increment is the signal.Despite the similarity between intensity discrimination and tone-in-noisemasking, research suggests that a high-pass noise outside the critical bandcentered on the signal frequency adversely affects listeners’ intensity-dis-crimination thresholds. The present study examines the limits of off-fre-quency masking effects on intensity discrimination in five normal-hearingyoung adults. Detection thresholds for a 50-ms increment, added to a 50-ms-long 1000-Hz pedestal in phase, were obtained in quiet and notched-noise (NN) conditions. The pedestal and noise levels were 60 dB SPL. NNstimuli were generated by filtering telegraph noise. The low-frequency cut-offs of the NN-notches were 188, 250, 375, 500, and 750 Hz while the high-frequency cutoffs were 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz. The detectionthresholds were poorer in NN conditions than in quiet, even when cutoff fre-quencies were more than one octave away from the signal frequency.Effects of off-frequency maskers on the psychometric functions are dis-cussed. [Supported by BU research and scholarship grant.]9:003aPP3. Perceptual weights for loudness reflect central spectralprocessing. Suyash N. Joshi and Walt Jesteadt (Psychoacoustics Labora-tory, Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 N 30th St., Omaha, NE68131, Suyash.Joshi@boystown.org)Weighting patterns for loudness obtained using the reverse correlationmethod are thought to reveal the relative contributions of different fre-quency regions to total loudness, the equivalent of specific loudness. Currentmodels of loudness assume that specific loudness is determined by periph-eral processes such as compression and masking. Here we test this hypothe-sis using 20-tone harmonic complexes (200Hz f0, 200 to 4000Hz, 250 ms,65 dB/Component) added in opposite phase relationships (Schroeder posi-tive and negative). Due to the varying degree of envelope modulations,these time-reversed harmonic complexes have been shown to produce dif-ferent outputs at the basilar membrane and different amounts of forward andsimultaneous masking. The perceptual weights for loudness did not differfor these two complexes. To determine whether the level rove introduced toobtain weights had changed the fundamental differences in the stimuli, asimilar level rove (68 dB) was introduced on each component of Schroederpositive and negative forward maskers. The Schroder negative maskers con-tinued to be more effective. These results suggest that perceptual weightsfor loudness are not completely determined by peripheral processes andreflect a central frequency weighting template. [Work supported by NIHR01 DC011806 and P30 DC004662.]9:153aPP4. Temporal weighting of interaural time and level differences car-ried by broadband noises. G. C. Stecker (Speech and Hearing Sciences,University of Washington, 1417 NE 42nd St, Seattle, WA 98105, cstecker@uw.edu)Localization of real sounds involves integrating acoustic spatial cues asthey evolve over time. This study measured binaural sensitivity over time,in the form of temporal weighting functions (TWFs) for trains of of noisebursts. Each stimulus comprised sixteen 1-ms bursts of white noise, pre-sented at an interval (ICI) of 2 or 5 ms. In separate conditions, noise sampleswere either repeated (“frozen”) or newly generated (“fresh”) across bursts.On each of many trials, listeners indicated the apparent lateral position of astimulus along a horizontal scale displayed on a touch-sensitive device. Lat-eral positions varied across trials as interaural time (ITD) and level (ILD)differences ranged +/-500 ms ITD or +/-5 dB ILD. Interaural differences ofindividual bursts in each train received additional random variation (ranging+/-100 ms and +/-2 dB) to allow calculation of TWFs by multiple linearregression of normalized responses onto per-burst ITD and ILD values.Consistent with past studies, TWFs for “frozen” noise-burst trains demon-strated large ICI-dependent weights on the initial burst (“onset dominance”),elevated weights near offset, and lower weights for interior bursts. FlatterTWFs, smaller onset/offset weights, and greater interior weights were meas-ured for “fresh” vs “frozen” noise burst trains. [Supported by R01DC011548.]1996 J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 132, No. 3, Pt. 2, September 2012 164th Meeting: Acoustical Society of America 1996Downloaded 27 Jun 2013 to 80.71.135.50. Redistribution subject to ASA license or copyright; see http://asadl.org/terms

Perceptual weights for loudness reflect central spectral processing.

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Perceptual weights for loudness reflect central spectral processing.

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