Domingo Felez, Carlos

Pellicer i Nàcher, Carles

Smets, Barth F.

Online Research Database In Technology

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Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 20, 2017In-situ microbial activity in membrane-aerated biofilms for autotrophic nitrogenconversionPellicer i Nàcher, Carles; Domingo-Felez, Carlos; Smets, Barth F.Publication date:2012Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordLink back to DTU OrbitCitation (APA):Pellicer i Nàcher, C., Domingo Felez, C., & Smets, B. F. (2012). In-situ microbial activity in membrane-aeratedbiofilms for autotrophic nitrogen conversion. Poster session presented at 14th International Symposium onMicrobial Ecology, Copenhagen, Denmark.	  1.	  Introduc,on	  Carles	  Pellicer-­‐Nàcher,	  Carlos	  Félez-­‐Domingo,	  Barth	  F.	  Smets	  Department	  of	  Environmental	  Engineering,	  Technical	  University	  of	  Denmark 	   	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  E-­‐mail:	  capn@env.dtu.dk	  	  2.	  Research	  ques,ons	  Membrane-­‐aerated	   bioﬁlm	   reactors	   (MABRs)	   are	   systems	   where	   oxygen	   diﬀuses	  through	  a	  membrane	   (submerged	   in	  wastewater)	   that	   serves	  as	   the	   substratum	   for	  bioﬁlm	  growth.	  The	   counter-­‐diﬀusion	  of	  nutrients	  within	   the	  bioﬁlm	  matrix	   creates	  unique	  niches	  for	  the	  co-­‐existence	  of	  disCnct	  microbes.	  Q1.	  Bioﬁlms	  developed	  in	  MABRs	  aﬀect	  signiﬁcantly	  the	  Oxygen	  Transfer	  Rate	  (OTR)	  in	  these	  reactors,	  but	  how?	  MABRs	  can	  be	  used	  for	  simultaneous	  NitritaCon-­‐Anammox	  treatment	  in	  wastewaters	   (aka	   completely	   autotrophic	   nitrogen	   removal:	   CANR).	  AMer	  reactor	  inoculaCon	  a	  layered	  bioﬁlm	  develops:	  Ammonia	  Oxidizing	  Bacteria	  (AOB)	  convert	  part	  of	  the	  incoming	  ammonium	  to	  nitrite	  in	  the	  ﬁrst	   100-­‐200	   mm	   by	   using	   the	   oxygen	   diﬀusing	   from	   the	   membrane	  surface.	   The	   produced	   nitrogen	   can	   be	   denitriﬁed	   by	   Anaerobic	  Ammonium	  Oxidizing	   Bacteria	   (Anammox)	   in	   the	   upper	   anoxic	   bioﬁlm	  region	  in	  completely	  autotrophic	  fashion:	  	  NH4+	  +	  1.26	  NO2-­‐à	  N2	  +	  	  0.26	  NO3-­‐	  NitritaCon-­‐Anammox	  NitriﬁcaCon-­‐denitriﬁcaCon	  XenobioCc	  removal	  P	  removal	  Compact	   and	  with	   high	   biomass	   reten,on.	   Several	  microbial	  pathways	  can	  occur	  	  simultaneously.	  Oxygen	   transfer	   is	   very	   eﬃcient,	   leading	  to	   lower	  aera,on	  costs.	  Bubbleless	   aera,on	   assures	   bioﬁlm	   integrity	   and	  minimizes	  the	  stripping	  of	  unwanted	  gasses.	  Cost,	   durability	   and	   availability	   of	  membrane	  modules.	  Advantages	  Disadvantages	  Control	   strategy	  of	  more	  than	  one	  process	   in	  the	  same	  reactor	  can	  be	  	  challenging	  .	  Fouling	   and	   poor	   hydrodynamics	   can	   lead	   to	  mass	  transfer	  limita,ons.	  Flexibility	  ApplicaCon	  example	  Q2.	  When	  MABRs	  for	  completely	  autotrophic	  N	  removal	  (CANR)	  are	  aerated	  in	  cycles	  of	  aeraCon	  /	  no-­‐aeraCon,	  they	  show	  enhanced	  performance…	  why?	  	  5.	  Conclusions	  -­‐	  Outlook	  	  5.	  Periodic	  aera,on	  impacts	  microbial	  ac,vity	  	  3.	  Experimental	  setup	   	  4.	  NH4+	  surface	  loads	  enhance	  oxygen	  transfer	  rates	  Increases	  in	  the	  NH4+	  surface	  load	  produce	  increases	  in	  the	  NH4+	  ﬂux	  converted	  by	  the	  bioﬁlm.	   Such	   an	   enhancement	   rises	   the	   oxygen	   ﬂux	   diﬀusing	   from	   the	   membrane	  	  (50%	  higher	  than	  in	  clean	  water)	  A2.	  Bioﬁlm	  eventually	   increases	   the	  resistance	  to	  the	  oxygen	  mass	  transfer	  (Shanahan	  et	  al.	  2006),	  reducing	  OTRs.	  A1.	  Microbial	  acCvity	  in	  deep	  bioﬁlm	  layers	  enhances	  OTRs	  (Pellicer-­‐Nàcher	  et	  al.	  2009,	  Lackner	  et	  al.	  2010).	  Good	   NO2-­‐	   accumulaCon	   and	   eventual	  Anammox	  acCvity	  (Pellicer-­‐Nàcher	  et	  al.	  2009)	  NO2-­‐	   accumulaCon	   occurs	   at	   lower	  eﬃciencies.	   Microbial	   community	  composiCon	   in	   inoculum	   plays	   an	  important	  role	  (Terada	  et	  al.	  2009).	  Setup	  characterisCcs:	  •  Silicone	   hollow	   ﬁber	  membranes	  (14	  m2/m3).	  •  Lab	  air	  used	  as	  O2	  source.	  •  Innoculum	   from	   previous	  lab	   reactor	   performing	  nitritaCon	  –	  anammox.	  •  Loaded	   with	   syntheCc	  wastewater.	  The	  experiments:	  3	   Ammonium	   surface	   loads	   were	   tested	   (5,	  11	   and	   29	   g-­‐N/m2/day)	   under	   the	   same	  oxygen	  load	  (100	  mL/min	  air	  at	  0.35	  bar:	  21	  g-­‐O2/m2/day	  in	  clean	  water)	  •  Bulk	  concentraCons	  of	  N-­‐species	  analyzed	  daily	  to	  assess	  reactor	  performance.	  •  Microsensor	   proﬁles	   at	   diﬀerent	   Cmes	  within	  an	  aeraCon	  cycle	  to	  detect	  changes	  in	   acCviCes	   of	   the	   diﬀerent	   microbial	  communiCes	  involved.	  	  	  •  High	   NH4+	   loads	   increase	   substrate	  availability	  in	  the	  bioﬁlm	  base	  and	  sCmulate	  deep	   in-­‐situ	   microbial	   acCviCes	   in	   MABRs.	  This	   enhancement	   results	   in	   OTRs	   50%	  higher	   than	   the	   ones	   predicted	   from	  experiments	   without	   bioﬁlm	   and	   explains	  divergences	  among	  literature	  results.	  •  The	   success	   of	   periodic	   aeraCon	   in	  accumulaCng	   NO2-­‐	   for	   successful	   CANR	  resides	   on	   its	   potenCal	   to	   inhibit	   NOB	  acCvity.	   The	   mechanism	   of	   inhibiCon	  remains	   unknown,	   but	   seems	   to	   decline	  with	   Cme.	   The	   reactor	   has	   higher	   N2O	  emissions	   by	   being	   operated	   this	   way,	   but	  up	  to	  40%	  can	  be	  recovered.	  Microproﬁle	   analyses	   show	   enhanced	   in-­‐situ	  microbial	   acCviCes	  within	   the	   aerobic	  bioﬁlm	  region	  when	  they	  have	  higher	  NH4+	  availability	  Famine	   condiCons	  during	   non-­‐aerated	  periods	  sCmulate	   in-­‐situ	   DO	   and	   NH4+	  consumpCon	   rates	  once	   O2	   becomes	  available.	  The	   net	   NO2-­‐	   producCon	   rates	   decrease	   aher	   the	  	  oxygen	  onset	  due	  to	  the	   lower	  DO	  ﬂux,	  but	  also	  to	  the	   increase	  of	   the-­‐situ	   acCvity	   of	  Nitrite	  Oxidizing	  Bacteria	  (NOB)	  in	  the	  deep	  bioﬁlm	  region.	  	  The	  N2O	  producCon	  within	   the	  bioﬁlm	  declines	  with	  Cme	  aher	  the	  start	  of	  the	  aeraCon	  phase.	  40%	  of	  the	  N2O	   produced	   permeates	   through	   the	   aeraCon	  membrane	  	  Research	  was	  supported	  by	  50	  µm	  250	  µm	  	  	  membrane	  FISH	  micrograph	  of	  a	  MABR	  bioﬁlm	  for	  CANR	  (yellow:	  AOB,	  cyan:	  Anammox,	  green:	  Other	  bacteria)	  FISH	  micrograph	  of	  a	  MABR	  bioﬁlm	  for	  CANR	  (white:	  N.	  Oligotropha,	  magenta:	  other	  AOB,	  blue:	  other	  bacteria)	  Diagram	  of	  the	  experimental	  setup	  used	  Top-­‐view	  of	  the	  ﬂow	  cells	  used	  Detail	  of	  the	  microproﬁling	  	  process	  Typical	  microproﬁles	  for	  relevant	  N	  species	  and	  DO	  during	  aera,on	  phases	  Detail	  of	  AOB	  in	  MABR	  for	  CANR	  Bioﬁlms	  grown	  on	  aeraCon	  membranes	  enhance	  the	  mass	  transfer	  capabiliCes	  of	  these	  systems	  and	  allow	  microbial	  community	  management	  for	  a	  cleaner	  and	  more	  cost-­‐eﬀecCve	  wastewater	  treatment	  	  References:	  Terada,	  A.,	  S.	  Lackner,	  et	  al.	  (2010).	  "Inoculum	  eﬀects	  on	  community	  composiCon	  and	  nitritaCon	  performance	  of	  autotrophic	  nitrifying	  bioﬁlm	  reactors	  with	  counter-­‐diﬀusion	  geometry."	  Environmental	  Microbiology	  12(10):	  2858-­‐2872.	  Pellicer-­‐Nàcher,	  C.,	  S.	  P.	  Sun,	  et	  al.	  (2010).	  "SequenCal	  AeraCon	  of	  Membrane-­‐Aerated	  Bioﬁlm	  Reactors	  for	  High-­‐Rate	  Autotrophic	  Nitrogen	  Removal:	  Experimental	  DemonstraCon."	  Environmental	  Science	  &	  Technology	  44(19):	  7628-­‐7634.	  Lackner,	  S.,	  A.	  Terada,	  et	  al.	  (2010).	  "NitritaCon	  performance	  in	  membrane-­‐aerated	  bioﬁlm	  reactors	  diﬀers	  from	  convenConal	  bioﬁlm	  systems."	  Water	  Research	  44(20):	  6073-­‐6084.	  Shanahan,	  J.	  W.	  and	  M.	  J.	  Semmens	  (2006).	  "Inﬂuence	  of	  a	  nitrifying	  bioﬁlm	  on	  local	  oxygen	  ﬂuxes	  across	  a	  micro-­‐porous	  ﬂat	  sheet	  membrane."	  Journal	  of	  Membrane	  Science	  277(1-­‐2):	  65-­‐74.	  	  	  Bioﬁlm	  surface	  Bioﬁlm	  surface	  Bioﬁlm	  surface	  Bioﬁlm	  surface	  Membrane-­‐aerated	  bioﬁlm	  reactor	  In-­‐situ	  microbial	  activity	  in	  membrane-­‐aerated	  bioﬁlms	  for	  autotrophic	  nitrogen	  conversion	  

In-situ microbial activity in membrane-aerated biofilms for autotrophic nitrogen conversion

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In-situ microbial activity in membrane-aerated biofilms for autotrophic nitrogen conversion

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