Hanning, Christopher William

Denne afhandling omhandler udviklingen af en ny kemisk proces. Ved at benytte et rhodium-kompleks i en supporteret ionisk væskefase (Supported Ionic Liquid Phase, “SILP”) som katalysator for carbonyleringsreaktionen mellem methanol og kulilte kan eddikesyre fremstilles. Carbonyleringen af methanol bruges til industriel fremstilling af eddikesyre på megaton-skala, hvilket er et vigtigt udgangsstof for at lave plastik, fibre, tekstiler og bindere som f.eks. lim. Ved at anvende SILP-båret katalysator kan reaktionen udføres i en kontinuert reaktor, hvilket tillader en konstant fremstilling af eddikesyre uden at skulle stoppe og genstarte reaktionen som i en batch-reaktor. Kontinuerte processer undersøges i stigende grad som erstatning for kemiindustrielle processer baseret på batch-reaktorer, idet kontinuerte systemer normalt tillader bedre kontrol med produktkvaliteten, er sikrere, mere bæredygtige og ofte mere økonomiske i storskala-produktion. Projektet har omfattet opbygning af en passende opvarmet og tryksat reaktionsopstilling, efterfulgt af syntese og afprøvning af en række katalysatorer. Et antal forskellige kvælstof-baserede ioniske væsker er indledningsvis blevet testet som SILP-bærere for rhodium-katalysatoren. Efterfølgende er et antal phosphonium-baserede salte med smeltepunkter over 100◦C (og dermed teknisk set ikke ioniske væsker) blevet testet som erstatning for de kvælstofbaserede ioniske væsker til SILP, og disse medførte højere katalytiske aktiviteter af de afprøvede SILP-katalysatorer. Afhandlingen demonstrerer, at denne type proces er en lovende industriel metode til fremstilling af eddikesyre, hvilket understreges af Wacker Chemie AGs opbygning af et pilotanlæg i München baseret på teknologien.The work presented here is focused on the development of a new reaction process. It applies Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) catalysis to a specific reaction. By reacting methanol and carbon monoxide over a rhodium catalyst, acetic acid can be formed. This reaction is important on a large scale industrially, with millions of tonnes of acetic acid being produced annually. Acetic acid is an important precursor for making adhesives, plastics and fabrics. By using the SILP concept we are able to carry out the reaction in a continuous system, allowing a steady production of acetic acid without having to stop and re-start the reaction. This sort of continuous flow reaction is a subject of great research effort in recent years as it is more sustainable (and in some cases financially viable) that the current method of carrying out chemical reactions in large size batch reactions The project started right at the beginning with the construction of a suitable test reactor, then followed by the synthesis and testing of all the catalysts reported. A variety of nitrogen based ionic liquids were initially tested, giving good results and stability in the system. Later a number of phosphonium based salts were tested (these were no longer classified as ionic liquids due to melting points above 100◦C). The phosphonium salts showed even better activity in the system compared to the ionic liquids. Overall the work has shown that this process for the manufacture of acetic acid is viable industrially. This is backed up by the construction and operation of a pilot plant by Wacker Chemie AG in Munich

Online Research Database In Technology

Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalysis for the Production of Acetic acid by Methanol Carbonylation

http://orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/12142750/C%20Hanning%20Thesis%20July%202012%20Public.pdf

Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalysis for the Production of Acetic acid by Methanol Carbonylation

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Online Research Database In Technology