University of Zagreb. Faculty of Science. Department of Biology.
Abstract
Tekstilna industrija jedno je od najvećih zagađivala okoliša. Zbog jeftine radne snage i
nedostatka regulativa zaštite okoliša, većina tekstilne industrije odvija se u nerazvijenim
zemljama gdje je ujedno i najviše vidljiv utjecaj na okoliš. Cilj ovog seminara bio je upozoriti
kako tekstilna industrija utječe na okoliš, odnosno kako koji dio procesa dobivanja i korištenja
tekstilnog proizvoda utječe na okoliš. Uzgajanje pamuka kao sirovinu za proizvodnju tekstila
koristi velike količine vode (2700 litara za jednu majicu) i pesticida koji zagađuju vode i tlo te
time utječu na cijeli ekosustav. Za obradu pamuka upotrebljavaju se štetna bojila i kemikalije
koje također imaju negativan utjecaj na okoliš i na ljudsko zdravlje. Upotreba tekstilnog
proizvoda zahtjeva održavanje. U tom procesu iskoristi se 60% ukupne energije koja se koristi
u životnom ciklusu majice, mnogo vode i kemikalija koji čine pritisak na okoliš. Velika
količina otpada također potječe od tekstilne industrije te predstavlja problem za okoliš.
Potrebno je smanjiti otpad recikliranjem i ponovnom upotrebom proizvoda te je potrebno
smanjiti kupnju tekstilnih proizvoda. Također je potrebno okolišno prihvatljivije pristupiti u
proizvodnji i obradi tekstilnih proizvoda i prijeći na alternativne izvore sirovina za tekstil i
načine obrade koji manje štete okolišu.Textile industry is one of the largest polluters of the environment. Due to the
insufficient workforce and lack of environmental protection regulations, most textile
industries take place in the underdeveloped countries where the environmental impact is also
most visible. The aim of this seminar was to find out how each part of the process of
obtaining and using textile products affects the environment. Processing of cotton, as a raw
material for the production of textiles, uses large amounts of water (2700 liters for one shirt)
and pesticides that pollute water and soil, thus affecting the entire ecosystem. Treatment of
cotton uses dyes and chemicals that also have negative impact on the environment and human
health. Use of textile products need maintenance. In this process is spent 60% of the total
energy used in the life cycle of T-shirts is used. This process also uses lots of water and
chemicals that exert pressure on the environment. Also, a large amount of waste also comes
from the textile industry and represents a problem for the environment. It is necessary to
reduce waste by recycling and re-using the textile products and it is important to reduce the
purchase of textile products. It is also needed to take a more environmentally responsible
approach to the textile production and processing and to switch to alternative sources of
textile raw materials and treatment methods that are less damaging to the environment
