Desalination with solar energy

Abstract

Voda predstavlja najvažniji resurs čovjekova preživljavanja. Svakodnevnom upotrebom, porastom standarda te industrijalizacijom, potreba za vodom enormno raste. Posebno veliki problem predstavljaju područja koja ne obiluju prirodnim izvorima pitke vode. Jedno od mogućih rješenja je razvoj desalincijskih postrojenja koji velike količine slane vode, kojom Zemlja obiluje, pretvaraju u koristan oblik, čistu pitku vodu. U ovom radu prikazane su različite desalinacijske tehnike povezane s obnovljivim izvorima energije, točnije solarnim tehnologijama. Navedene su prednosti i nedostatci vezani za procese desalinacije. Također, objašnjene su novije metode i ideje solarnih desalinacijskih postrojenja. Solarnim desalinacijskim postrojenjima cilj je smanjenje emisija stakleničkih plinova, osobito CO2 , smanjenje troškova proizvodnje pitke vode, te rad postrojenja u skladu s očuvanjem prirode i okoliša u kojem živimo.Water is the most important resource of human survival. Daily usage, growth of human standard and industrialization have all contributed to greater needs for water. Major problems are the areas that are not rich in natural sources of drinking water. A large area of the Earth's surface is covered with saline water so development of desalination plants where large amounts of salt water can be converted into a potable water appears as a very good solution. In this review, different desalination units integrated with renewable energy with special emphasis given to solar energy are discussed. The paper presents both advantages and disadvantages related to the process of desalination. It also explains the novel methods and ideas for desalination solar plant. Solar desalination plants have the purpose of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly CO2, reducing the production cost of drinking water and plant operation while protecting nature and environment in which we live in