Noncontraceptive benefits of oral hormonal contraception

Abstract

Oralna hormonska kontracepcija više je od 50 godina u upotrebi i danas se smatra najpouzdanijom reverzibilnom kontracepcijskom metodom. Od početka primjene, uzimalo ju je oko 300 milijuna žena, a procjenjuje se da danas u svijetu oralnu hormonsku kontracepciju uzima između 70 i 80 milijuna žena. Zbog dugog perioda korištenja i velikog broja žena koje su uzimale ove preparate, oralna hormonska kontracepcija smatra se vjerojatno najispitivanijim preparatom u povijesti medicine. OHK ima kontracepcijske i nekontracepcijske učinke. Upravo nekontracepcijski učinci djeluju protektivno na zdravlje žene te govore u prilog korištenja OHK. Mnoge studije potvrdile su da preparati OHK smanjuju rizik pojavnosti izvanmaternične trudnoće, funkcionalnih cista jajnika, benignih bolesti dojke, upalnih bolesti u zdjelici, osteoporoze te reumatoidnog artritisa. Također reduciraju rizik od pojave vrlo zloćudnih bolesti, kao što su rak jajnika i endometrija te rak debelog crijeva. Preparati OHK također se primjenjuju za regulaciju menstruacijskog ciklusa, a koriste se i za liječenje endometrioze, mioma te hiperandrogenizma i Sindroma policističnih jajnika, danas najčešće endokrinopatije u žena. Iako često krivo percipirano u javnosti, prednosti korištenja OHK premašuju njene nedostatke te se danas preparati OHK smatraju čuvarem ženskog reproduktivnog zdravlja.Oral hormonal contraception (OHC) has been in use for over 50 years and today it is considered the most reliable reversible contraceptive method. Since the start of its application approximately 300 million women have been using the method and today it is estimated that between 70 and 80 million women are using this method. Oral hormonal contraception is considered the most tested compound in the history of medicine because of the long period of usage and the large number of women using it. OHC has both contraceptive and non-contraceptive effects. The non-contraceptive effects are exactly what acts protectively on women's health and adds to the benefits of using OHC. Many studies have confirmed that OHC compounds decrease the risk of extrauterine pregnancies, functional ovary cysts, benign breast diseases, inflammatory pelvic diseases, osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. They also reduce the occurrence risk of very malignant diseases such as ovarian and endometrial cancer and colon cancer. OHC compounds are also applied for menstrual cycle regulation and are also used to treat endometriosis, myomas and hypergonadism as well as polycystic ovarian syndrome, the most common endocrinopathy in women today. Even though it is often misinterpreted in the public, the advantages of using OHC surpass their deficiencies, so today OHC compounds are considered as a guardian of female reproductive health