University of Zagreb. Department of Croatian Studies. Division of History.
Abstract
Politička situacija u Socijalističkoj Federativnoj Republici Jugoslaviji (SFRJ) i Hrvatskoj zaoštrena je potkraj 1989. i tijekom 1990. i 1991. godine. Položaj hrvatskog naroda u SFRJ bio je nepovoljan, a svojim položajem nisu bili zadovoljni ni drugi narodi, poglavito Srbi. Cjelokupna situacija u SFRJ odrazila se na područje Slavonije i njezina sjevernog dijela, odnosno prostora Bilogore. U Grubišnom Polju politička je situacija od kraja 1989. godine bila sve napetija. U drugoj polovici 1991. godine počeli su oružani napadi pobunjenih Srba na bilogorskom području. Vojna djelovanja hrvatskih snaga postala su nužna. Vojno-redarstvena operacija Otkos-10 prva je uspješno pripremljena i realizirana akcija hrvatskih snaga, odnosno snaga Zbora narodne garde, hrvatske policije i Odreda narodne zaštite. Odvijala se u dvije faze: prva od 31. listopada do 4. studenoga 1991. godine, a druga 11. i 12. studenoga 1991. godine. U operaciji je sudjelovalo 2847 hrvatskih branitelja koji su snage pobunjenih Srba odbacili s prostora Bilogore u smjeru istoka prema Papuku. S neprijateljskim snagama povukla se većina srpskog stanovništva s područja Bilogore. Nakon operacije Otkos-10 uslijedile su operacije Orkan-91. i Papuk-91. na području zapadne Slavonije. Njima su snage pobunjenih Srba i JNA potisnute prema južnom dijelu zapadnoslavonskog bojišta. Operacije su prekinute stupanjem na snagu Sarajevskog primirja 3. siječnja 1992. godine. Nakon njihove provedbe pod okupacijom je ostalo oko 699 km² teritorija zapadne Slavonije. Nakon operacija uslijedio je dolazak mirovnih snaga UN-a 1992. godine. Ostatak okupiranog prostora konačno je oslobođen operacijom Bljesak 1995. godine.The political situation in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRJ) and Croatia aggravated in 1989 and during 1990 and 1991. The position of the Croats in the SFRJ was unfavourable, and other peoples, especially Serbs, were also dissatisfied with their position. The whole situation in the SFRJ reflected on the Slavonia area and its northern part, namely the area of Bilogora. In Grubišno Polje, the political situation since the end of 1989 was more tense. In the second half of 1991 armed attacks by Serbian rebels in the Bilogora area began. The military activities of Croatian forces became necessary. Military-police operation Otkos-10 was the first successful and well prepared action of the Croatian forces, id est the forces of the Croatian National Guard, the Croatian Police and the National Defense Detachment. The operation took place in two phases: the first one lasted from October 31st to November 4th 1991 and the second one from 11th to 12th November 1991. The operation involved 2847 Croatian defenders, who dismissed the forces of the rebel Serbs from Bilogora in the east direction to Papuk. The majority of the Serb population in Bilogora withdrew with hostile forces. After the Otkos-10 operation, the operations Orkan-91 and Papuk-91 followed in the area of western Slavonia. The forces of the rebel Serbs and Yugoslav National Army (JNA) were repressed towards the southern part of the West Slavonian battlefield. The operations were interrupted by the entry into force of the Sarajevo Truce on 3th January 1992. After the implementation of those operations there were still about 699 km² of territory of Western Slavonia under occupation. The operation was followed by the arrival of UN peacekeepers in 1992. The rest of the occupied area was finally released by the Bljesak operation in 1995
