Discovery Learning in Mathematics

Abstract

Često se tvrdi da je učenje temeljitije i potpunije ukoliko se od učenika traži da samostalno otkriju različita svojstva i principe u matematici, za razliku od učenja koje podrazumijeva predavanje nastavnika te izričito frontalnu nastavu. Gestalt teorija sugerira da učiteljeva demonstracija rezultata ne mora dovesti do učenikova shvaćanja tog danog rezultata, stoga je otkrivanje ono što pruža razumijevanje i shvaćanje izloženog. Nastavni materijali poput štapića ili kockica te brojnih drugih, kao i različite aktivnosti koje nastavnici mogu provoditi na satu matematike, olakšavaju učenicima proces učenja. Problem i istraživanje kao dva pojma koja se često poistovjećuju jer obuhvaćaju istu ideju: aktivno sudjelovanje učenika u procesu učenja, razlikuju se jer je rješavanje problema statično, dok je istraživanje aktivno i može dovesti do rješavanja problema. Učenici osim na papiru, aktivnosti mogu provoditi i pomoću računala putem različitih programa dinamičke geometrije kao što su Geogebra i Sketchpad.It is often argued that learning is more thorough and complete if students are required to independently discover different properties and principles in math, as opposed to learning that involves teacher lectures and explicitly frontal teaching. Gestalt theory suggests that teachers demonstration of results does not have to lead to a student’s understanding of that given result, so discovering it is what gives an understanding of the subject. Teaching materials such as rods or dices and many others, as well as the various activities that teachers can give to students during math lessons, makes it easier for students to learn. Problem and investigation as two concepts often identified because they include the same idea: active participation of students in the learning process, are different because problem solving is static while research is active and can lead to problem solving. Students other than on paper can also perform activities using the computer through various dynamic geometry programs such as Geogebra and Sketchpad