Diet of reproductive age women with and without diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Ciljevi ovog rada su bili utvrditi: razlikuje li se prehrana žena reproduktivne dobi s dijagnosticiranim PCOS-om u odnosu na zdrave žene, prehrambene obrasce i navike karakteristične za prehranu ovih skupina žena, izraženost simptoma PCOS-a te njihovu povezanost s prehrambenim obrascima, kao i potencijal za intervencijsku studiju. Stoga je provedena studija slučaja i kontrole na ženama reproduktivne dobi s dijagnosticiranim PCOS-om (n=12) i zdravim ženama (n=16). Najvažniji zaključci ovog istraživanja su da ispitanice s PCOS-om u usporedbi s ženama iz kontrolne skupine imaju veći unos alkohola i kave; puše u većem postotku nego što je to uobičajeno za regiju iz koje dolaze; imaju statistički značajno manju fizičku aktivnost u slobodno vrijeme; imaju veći broj izostanaka mjesečnice, neredovitih ciklusa i ostalih PCOS simptoma; imaju statistički značajno lošije prehrambene navike s obilježjima prehrane visoke na GI-u; unose više energije iz ugljikohidrata i proteina, a manje iz masti (bez statističke značajnosti) dok je kontrolna skupina ispitanica sklonija smanjivati unos ugljikohidrata i proteina ali ne i masti; imaju pozitivnu, statistički značajnu korelaciju godina starosti s unosom ugljikohidrata dok je to kod kontrolnih ispitanica slučaj s mastima; imaju nešto veći prosječni unos energije (bez statističke značajnosti); imaju statisički značajno veći unos fosfora, željeza i bakra; sklonije su visokom unosu natrija i većem unosu vlakana. Pokazalo se i da postoji potencijal za intervencijsku studiju edukacije i uvođenja terapeutskog tipa prehrane.The objectives of this study were to determine the following: whether the diets of reproductive age women diagnosed with PCOS and of healthy women are different, characteristics of dietary patterns and habits of these groups of women, the extent of the symptoms of PCOS and its relationship to dietary patterns and potential for the intervention study. Thus, a matched pair study was conducted on reproductive age women diagnosed with PCOS (n=12) and healthy women (n=16). The main conclusions of this study are that women with PCOS compared to the control group of women have lower alcohol and coffee intake; smoke more than other women from their region; spend significantly smaller amount of time on physical activity during leisure; have more problems with amenorrhea, irregular cycles and other PCOS symptoms; have significantly poorer dietary habits that show characteristics of a diet high in GI; have higher energy intake from carbohydrates and protein with lower energy intake from fat (without statistical significance) while women in the control group are more likely to reduce their intake of carbohydrates and protein, but not fat; have positive, significant correlation between age and carbohydrate intake whereas control group have positive, significant correlation between age and fat intake; have a higher average energy intake (without statistical significance); have significantly higher intake of phosphorus, iron and copper; are more prone to high sodium intake and higher fibre intake. Furthermore, there is a potential for intervention study and the introduction of a therapeutic diet