Synthetic dyes decolorization on agar plates by selected fungi

Abstract

U ovom radu istražena je sposobnost obezbojenja pet sintetskih bojila (kongo crvena, malahitno zelenilo, fuksin, kristal violet i metilensko modrilo) pomoću tri vrste (četiri soja) odabranih gljiva bijelog truljenja: P. chrysosporium CCBAS 570, T. versicolor CCBAS AG613, T. versicolor TV6 i C. subvermispora. Gljive su uzgajane na agarnim pločama s dodatkom bojila u koncentracijama 50, 100 i 150 mg L-1 te je praćen njihov rast i obezbojenje bojila tijekom 9 (odnosno 10) dana uzgoja pri 27 ⁰C. Sposobnost obezbojenja azo bojila kongo crvene pokazali su sojevi vrste T. versicolor i C. subvermispora. Kongo crvena nije značajno inhibirala rast odabranih vrsta gljiva. Malahitno zelenilo snažno je inhibiralo rast svih vrsta, ali su sve vrste pokazale dobru sposobnost obezbojenja ovog bojila, što je vidljivo iz velikog indeksa obezbojenja (promjer obezbojenja/promjer kolonije) u rasponu od 2,42 do 6,04. Sposobnost obezbojenja kristal violeta pokazale su sve vrste gljiva, pri čemu je rast vrsta P. chrysosporium i C. subvermispora bio snažno inhibiran ovim bojilom. Fuksin je inhibirao rast odabranih gljiva samo tijekom prvih dana uzgoja. Sposobnost obezbojenja fuksina pokazale su sve vrste, ali indeks obezbojenja nije bio velik (0,24 – 1). Metilensko modrilo nije inhibiralo rast gljiva, ali je sposobnost obezbojenja ovog bojila pokazala jedino vrsta T. versicolor TV6. Utvrđeno je kako primijenjene koncentracije bojila u podlozi statistički značajno utječu na rast kolonija gljiva, ali nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u sposobnosti obezbojenja (izraženo kao promjer obezbojenja oko kolonije).This study tested three white rot fungi (four strains) P. chrysosporium CCBAS 570, T. versicolor CCBAS AG613, T. versicolor TV6 and C. subvermispora for their ability to decolorize five synthetic dyes (Congo Red, Malachite Green, Crystal Violet, Fuchsine and Methylene Blue). The fungi were cultivated at 27 ⁰C for 9 (10) days on agar plates containing dyes at final concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 mg L-1. The radial growth and the zone of colour change on the agar plates were measured regularly every three days. Both T. versicolor strains, as well C. subvermispora were able to decolorize azo dye Congo Red to some extent. Congo Red did not inhibit the mycelial growth of investigated fungi. Malachite Green strongly inhibited the mycelial growth of all fungal strains. However, high decolourization index (decolourization diameter/mycelial diameter) ranging from 2.42 to 6.04 for all species indicates very good decolourization ability. All fungi were able to decolorize Crystal Violet to some extent. However, apart from P. chrysosporium, growth of all other strains was strongly inhibited by this dye. Fuchsine inhibited the mycelial growth only during the first days of cultivation. All strains were able to decolorize fuchsine, but not as effectively as other two dyes of triphenylmethane group (decolourization index ranging from 0.24 to 1). Only T. versicolor TV6 decolorized Methylene Blue to some extent, even though this dye did not inhibit the mycelial growth of the tested fungal strains. The influence of agar plate dye concentration on fungal growth was statistically significant, while no statistical significance was observed regarding the decolourization ability