Haenen, Olga

Olesen, Niels Jørgen

KOI HERPES VIRUS WORLD WIDE: RESULTS OF GLOBAL KHV QUESTIONNAIRE 2007-2009 O. Haenen*,1 and N. J. Olesen2 (and our colleagues who completed the questionnaire) 1 Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR, NRL for Fish and Shellfish Diseases, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands. 2 National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Århus N, Denmark EPIZONE is a big EU network of excellence project within FP6 (www.epizone-eu.net), with 20 partners from Europe, and China, Turkey, FAO and DiVa. Its mission is to improve research on preparedness, prevention, detection, and control of epizootic diseases within Europe to reduce the economic and social impact of future outbreaks of emerging/notifiable diseases, like Foot-and-mouth disease through increased excellence by collaboration. Within EPIZONE, Work package 6.1 covers emerging diseases of fish, including Koi Herpes virus (KHV), which causes the notifiable KHV disease (KHVD) in koi and carp (Cyprinus carpio). In Sept 2007, at the last EAFP Conference at Grado, results of the detailed EPIZONE questionnaire on KHV disease in 2006-2007 were presented. In March 2009 a follow up KHV questionnaire was sent to &gt; 65 countries world wide. By the start of May 2009, 40 countries had responded, i.e. &gt; 60%. The results of the KHV questionnaire will be presented as a poster, and hand-out. Questions of the questionnaire were about koi (1), cultured (2) and wild carp (3), all Cyprinus carpio: • Prevalence of KHV in your country: year of first detection;? Number of outbreaks in 2004-2009 in 1, 2 or 3? • Clinics: what clinical signs were present in KHV outbreaks ? • Outbreaks: Was there disease and mortality in small and/or big fish? • Diagnosis: Which diagnostic tests were used for KHV detection, screening and confirmation? Did/do you participate in the KHV PCR ring test of CEFAS (UK); • Susceptible fish species: Was KHV isolated from other species than koi/carp? • Latent carriers: Do you have any experience with latency of KHV in koi/carp? • Measures (stamping out, temp change, therapy) and effects in 1, 2, and 3? • Vaccination: Is a KHV vaccine used in your country? • Any research on KHV in your country and laboratory? • National legislation in your country? • Any Further points? A full updated literature list on KHV on request: please E-mail olga.haenen@wur.n

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Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 19, 2017P-001: Koi herpes virus world wide: results of the global KHV questionnaire 2007-2009Haenen, Olga; Olesen, Niels JørgenPublication date:2009Link back to DTU OrbitCitation (APA):Haenen, O., & Olesen, N. J. (2009). P-001: Koi herpes virus world wide: results of the global KHV questionnaire2007-2009. Poster session presented at 14th EAFP International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish,Prague, Czech Republic.Origin of host: In 24 countries KHV was found in koi, in 12 in cultured carp, and in 5 in wild carp. KHV was reported in C. carpio of all ages. The mortalities varied: in koi 10-100%, cultured carp <10%-100%. In wild carp mortalities were often high but unknown.Maximum reported number of outbreaks: 2007: koi 209 (Germany), cultured carp: 22 (Germany), wild carp: 19 (Japan). 2008: koi 142 (Germany), cultured carp 31 (Germany), wild carp 28 (Japan). 2009: 5 (Netherlands),  cultured and wild carp: no data yet.Diagnostic and proficiency testing: Clinical pathology was often the basis of diagnosis. For confirmation 37 countries used a PCR based method for diagnosis, mostly the conventional PCR, but also 2x nested PCR, and > 11x real time PCR. In addition 17 laboratories used virus isolation, of which 4 only, 1 used IFAT, 1 ISH, and 1 histopathology. In 4 laboratories an ELISA for detection of anti-KHV antibodies was used. Of the responding countries 13 reported to have no KHV tests running (yet). 29 countries participated in the 2008 KHV PCR inter-laboratory proficiency test by CEFAS (UK), and additional 16 labs showed interest in participating.Measures taken: In 14 countries, stamping out was done, with disinfection Further measures: stop fish movements, water temperature raised to 28-30°C, and/or vaccination.Vaccination: In Israel an attenuated live vaccine is used. Many vaccinated koi are imported into the EU from Israel. Also Hong Kong, Kosovo and the USA reported the use of a KHV vaccine.Research: Among >18 countries with research initiatives taken are studies on epidemiology; Assessment of impact on wild and fishery carp (UK); diagnostics/strains (>10 countries); relation of KHV with CyHV-1 and -2 (USA); Vaccination (Germany, Israel, USA), Latency (Ireland, Poland); Susceptibility of other animal species to KHV (Czech Rep, Poland); KHV for biological control of carp (Australia).National legislation: National legislation on KHV is present in 31 countries. In most cases measures are voluntary.Gaps reported: 1) International training on diagnostics of KHV, 2) Others susceptible than koi or carp? 3) Safe vaccine? 4) Info on control of KHVD.Results of global koi herpesvirus questionnaire 2009O. Haenen1* & N.-J. Olesen2 and our colleagues:IntroductionResults & Discussion1 Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR NRL for Fish and Shellfish Diseases, P.O. Box 2004, 8203 AA  Lelystad, The Netherlands tel: +31 320 238 800  www.cvi.wur.nl email: olga.haenen@wur.nl6627_Haenen.indd2  Work Package 6.1 leader of EPIZONE, Technical University of Denmark DTU,  National Veterinary Institute,  Community Reference Laboratory for Fish Diseases,  Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark  Tel.: +45-3588-6831 E-mail: njol@vet.dtu.dkA. Vodica, P. Noguera, A. Herfort, B. Jones, O. Schachner, F. Lieffrig, A. Jazic, V. Chikova, H. Duan, D. Oraić, S. Zrnčić, A. Nioulikou, T. Veselý and SVA, H.F.Skall, C.R. Nielsen, S. Bergmann, D. Fichtner, K. Denham, K. Must, A. Jauram, O. Piirik, D.H. Christiansen, T. Gadd, J. Castric, L. Bigarre, F. Pozet, A. Peteri, M. Láng,  S. Helgason, F. Geoghegan, M. Haimi, G. Bovo, M. Sano, N. Yoshida, M. Yoshimizu, B. Hoxha, Z. Muizniece, E. Jacevicius, C. Salgado Miranda, A. Lillehaug,  B. Hjeltnes, B. Dannevig, G. Lio-Po, A. Siwicki, A. Lepa, J. Antychowicz, M. Matras, J. Kempter, J. Sadowski, M. Fevereiro, T. Duarte, M. Costea, I. Shchelkunov,  C. Allan, V. Radosavljevic, M. Vankúšová, V. Jencic, P. Hostnik, T. Jung, P. Somalo, T. Gomez, J. Barja, A. Hellström, S. Kanchanakhan, S. Bahri, N. Türk, V. Maltsev, R.P. Hedrick, K. Hartman, G. Egrie, T. WahliKoi Herpes Virus (KHV) causes significant disease and mortalities in Cyprinus carpio L. (carp and koi). KHV is notifiable for the OIE, and since Aug 2008 also for the EC. KHV has been present at least since 1996 in Europe. As a follow up of previous updates on KHV in Europe (NRL Annual meeting for Fish Diseases, May 2006) and on the global KHV situation 2006-2007 (EAFP poster Grado, Sept 2007), in spring 2009, a questionnaire was sent to fish disease laboratories in 73 countries by e-mail. Data from the answers of this and the previous questionnaire are presented below. This work was supported by EPIZONE (Contract No. FOOD-CT-2006-016236).Response questionnaire: From e-mails to 73 countries 8 e-mails were rejected: 65 countries received the questionnaire. By July 2009, 48 countries replied with data: Response 74%.Global occurrence of KHV (Figure 1): Positive: KHV has been detected in 30 countries(* = in closed systems; # = in wild carp): Austria*, Belgium*, Canada#, China*, Costa Rica*, Czech Republic*, Denmark*, France*, Germany*#, Hong Kong*, Indonesia*#, Ireland*, Israel*, Italy*, Japan*#, Luxembourg*, Malaysia*, the Netherlands*, New Zealand*, Poland*#, Singapore*, Slovenia*, S-Africa*, S-Korea*, Sweden*, Switzerland*, Taiwan*, Thailand*, UK*#, and USA*#. Suspicion of KHV: 3 countries: India*, Guatemala*, Russia*KHV negative or never detected KHV: 28 countries: Albania, Argentina, Australia, Bosnia Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Kosovo, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Mexico, Montenegro, Norway, Philippines, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey and Ukraine.Fig. 1.  Overview of global spread of KHV, and spread in Europe, per country  (    positive,    suspicion and    negative).ConclusionKHV is slowly further spreading over the world. During the recent 2 years, the use of various validated PCR tests has increased, and in many countries KHVD has become notifiable. Serology as monitoring tool is in focus.We thank our colleagues who completed the questionnaire, and the EC.www.epizone-eu.netThis work was supported by the EU Network of Excellence, EPIZONE (Contract No FOOD-CT-2006-016236). 

P-001: Koi herpes virus world wide: results of the global KHV questionnaire 2007-2009

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P-001: Koi herpes virus world wide: results of the global KHV questionnaire 2007-2009

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