Villumsen, Jonas Christoffer

Effektiv brug af energi er et stadig vigtigere emne. Miljø-og klima problemer samt bekymring for forsyningssikkerhed har gjort vedvarende energikilder til et reelt alternativ til traditionelle energikilder. Men den fluktuerende karakter af for eksempel vind- og solenergi nødvendiggør en radikal ændring i den m°ade vi planlægger og driver energisystemer. Et andet paradigmeskift, som begyndte i 1990’erne for el-systemer er markedsderegulering, hvilket har ført til en række forskellige markedsstrukturer forskellige steder i verden. I denne afhandling diskuterer vi kapacitetsplanlægnings- og transmissionsprissætningsproblemer i energitransmissionsnetværk. Selv om modelleringen gælder for energinetværk i almindelighed vedrører de fleste af anvendelsesomr°aderne transmission af elektricitet. En række af de forelagte problemer indebærer switching af transmissionsnettet. Dette giver operatøren af et el-transmissionsnet mulighed for automatisk at tage transmissionslinjer ind og ud operationelt for at optimere flow af elektricitet i netværket. Vi viser, at transmission switching i systemer med storskala vindkraft kan reducere overbelastninger i nettet, hvilket kan føre til en højere udnyttelsesgrad af den installerede vindkraftkapacitet. Vi præsenterer formuleringer af — og effektive løsningsmetoder til — problemet at bestemme den optimale udbygning af transmissionskapacitet samt unit-commitment problemet i el-systemer med transmission switching. Vi viser ogs°a, at transmission switching radikalt kan ændre den optimale kapacitetsudbygningsstrategi for eltransmissionsnetværk. I det nordiske elsystem er det vedtaget at el-markedet er opdelt i zoner, s°aledes at hver zone tildeles en bestemt markedspris. Vi formulerer problemet med at designe zoner p°a en optimal m°ade n°ar usikkerhed omkring f.eks. udbud og efterspørgsel indg°ar. Endelig formulerer vi det integrerede problem at beslutte en optimal pipelineinvesteringsstrategi samt prissætning af transmissionstariffer i et naturgastransmissionsnet.Efficient use of energy is an increasingly important topic. Environmental and climate concerns as well as concerns for security of supply has made renewable energy sources a viable alternative to traditional energy sources. However, the intermittent nature of for instance wind and solar energy necessitates a radical change in the way we plan and operate energy systems. Another paradigm change which began in the 1990’s for electricity systems is that of deregulation. This has led to a variety of different market structures implemented across the world. In this thesis we discuss capacity planning and transmission pricing problems in energy transmission networks. Although the modelling framework applies to energy networks in general, most of the applications discussed concern the transmission of electricity. A number of the problems presented involves transmission switching, which allows the operator of an electricity transmission network to switch lines in and out in an operational context in order to optimise the network flow. We show that transmission switching in systems with large-scale wind power may alleviate network congestions and reduce curtailment of wind power leading to higher utilisation of installed wind power capacity. We present formulations of — and efficient solution methods for— the transmission line capacity expansion problem and the unit commitment problem with transmission switching. We also show that transmission switching may radically change the optimal line capacity expansion strategy. In the Nordic electricity system a market with zonal prices is adopted. We consider the problem of designing zones in an optimal way explicitly considering uncertainty. Finally, we formulate the integrated problem of pipeline capacity expansion planning and transmission pricing in natural gas transmission networks

Online Research Database In Technology

Pricing and Capacity Planning Problems in Energy Transmission Networks

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Pricing and Capacity Planning Problems in Energy Transmission Networks

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