Grønbæk, Henrik

Melikov, Arsen Krikor

Olesen, Bjarne W.

Online Research Database In Technology

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Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 19, 2017Performance criteria for a personalized indoor environmentOlesen, Bjarne W.; Melikov, Arsen Krikor; Grønbæk, HenrikPublished in:Proceedings of Indoor Air 2011Publication date:2011Document VersionEarly version, also known as pre-printLink back to DTU OrbitCitation (APA):Olesen, B. W., Melikov, A. K., & Grønbæk, H. (2011). Performance criteria for a personalized indoorenvironment. In Proceedings of Indoor Air 20111Performance criteria for a personalized indoor environmentBjarne W. Olesen1*, Arsen Melikov1 and Henrik Grønbæk21 ICIEE/BYG, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark2 EXHAUSTO, DenmarkCorresponding e-mail: bwo@byg.dtu.dkKeywords: indoor environment, occupant control, comfort, energy, standards1. IntroductionDuring the last decade several systems forproviding a high quality personal indoorenvironment have been studied and tested.Also several products/systems are nowavailable on the market. The existingstandards with criteria for the indoorenvironment (thermal, air quality, noise ,light) are all based on criteria for the wholeoccupied zone (ISO EN 7730, EN15251,ASHRAE-55, ASHRAE-62.1). Can thesecriteria be directly applied also to a personalsystem, where the occupants try to meettheir own preferences? If the occupants havea personalized system is it then possible torelax on the requirements to the generalenvironment?  These are some of the issuesthat will be discussed in the paper. Based onthe many studies found in the literature onpersonalized systems for control of thermalcomfort, air quality, lighting and noise a setof criteria for the personalized environmentwill be established. At the same timerecommended changes in the existingcriteria for the general environment will bemade.2. Materials/MethodsPersonalized indoor environmental systemscan provide the occupant with an individualcontrol of thermal comfort, perceived airquality, illumination and noise control. Ingeneral for illumination and noise you canuse the same criteria for a personalizedenvironment like for a general environment.Most personalized systems blowing airtowards the occupant (Figure 1)Figure 1: Typical set-up of personalizedventilation system.This set-up will mainly influence theperceived air quality and an increasedcooling due to an increased air velocity andmay be lower air temperature of the supplyair. As shown in Figure 2 a personalizedsystem may divide the space in two zones.One close at the occupants and a generalzone. The question is if it should be allowedto relax the indoor environmental criteria forFigure 2: The occupied zone will be dividedin two zones2the general zone if a personalized system isavailable.3. ResultsThe analysis shows that due to the largeindividual differences in the preferredindoor environment among occupants apersonalized environment will increase theacceptance, comfort and performance ofpeople (Melikov, 2004). Studies(Kaczmarczyk et. Al. 2004) show that theoccupants accepted a higher air velocity thanin an open space with general ventilation.This is taken care of in existing standards,where increased air velocity is acceptablewhen under individual control. This means apersonalized system must have individualcontrol of the air velocity.The increased ventilation effectivenessshould allow a decrease of the supplyventilation rate. This can be taken intoaccount by correcting the requiredventilation rates in the standard tables (basedon complete mixing) with the ventilationeffectiveness as indicated in Figure 3.Figure 3: Ventilation Effectiveness fordifferent combinationsof supply-returnpositions andtemperature differencesbetween supply androom air temperature. It also shows that the design of the systemsrequires a broader range of temperatures,velocities, ventilation levels, etc. than thenormal range use for an average occupant.These systems may however also lead toenergy savings because a more efficient useof for example ventilation and a relaxationof the requirements to the surroundinggeneral environment.4.Conclusions/Recommendations/Discussion.With the increasing number of products onthe market for personalized environmentalcontrol, there is a need to establish designand performance criteria. Theseperformance requirements must be specifiedfor the zone near the occupant. For thegeneral environment the requirements mustbe relaxed compared to existing standards.Finally there is a need for a testingprocedure to verify the resulting ventilationeffectiveness.5. ReferencesASHRAE Standard 55-2007. Thermal environmentconditions for human occupancy. ASHRAE, Atlanta.ASHRAE-62.1(2010) Ventilation for acceptableindoor air quality, Atlanta, GA, American Society ofHeating, Refrigerating and Air-ConditioningEngineers.EN 15251 (2007) Indoor environmental inputparameters for design and assessment of energyperformance of buildings- addressing indoor airquality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics.ISO EN 7730 (2005) Analytical determination andinterpretation of thermal comfort using calculation ofthe PMV and PPD indices and local thermalMelikov, A.K., 2004, Personalized Ventilation,Indoor Air, Vol. 14 (suppl. 7), 157-167.Kaczmarczyk J., Melikov A.K., Fanger, P.O, 2004,Human Response to Personalized and MixingVentilation, Indoor Air, Vol. 14 (suppl. 8), 1-13.T supply -T inhalVent. effect. T supply -T inhalVent. effect. T supply -T inhalVent. effect. T supply -T roomVent. effect.°C - °C - °C - °C -< 0 0,9 - 1,0 < -5 0,9 <0 1,2 - 1,4 -6 1,2 - 2,20 - 2 0,9 -5 - 0 0,9 - 1,0 0-2 0,7 - 0,9 -3 1,3 - 2,32 - 5 0,8 > 0 1 >2 0,2 - 0,7 0 1,6 - 3,5> 5 0,4 - 0,7Mixing ventilation Mixing ventilation Personalized ventilationDisplacement ventilation

Performance criteria for a personalized indoor environment

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Performance criteria for a personalized indoor environment

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