Automatic Regulation of Ship Manoeuvring Using 2nd Order Nomoto Model

Abstract

Danas, u svakodnevnom životu su neizbježni sustavi automatskog upravljanja tj. sustavi automatske regulacije. Automatska regulacija kursa broda omogućuje ekonomičnu, pouzdanu i kvalitetnu plovidbu uz olakšano radno opterećenje posade. Upravljanje brodom pomoću autopilota jedna je od najranijih primjena teorije automatskog upravljanja. Zahtjev za primjenu sofisticiranijih autopilota za upravljanje brodom uglavnom je rezultat želje za uštedom goriva i poboljšanjima performansi. Budući da su jednadžbe kretanja broda vrlo nelinearne, a parametri modela ovise o brzini kretanja i vremenskim uvjetima, treba uzeti u obzir teoriju nelinearne kontrole. Međutim, pokazuje se da kod konstrukcije autopilota kod upravljanja s kursom broda, sasvim dovoljno je koristiti Nomotov model broda prvog reda. U radu će se prikazati način ugađanja parametara PID regulatora kod upravljanja s kursom broda, vodeći računa o realnim parametrima broda.Today, in everyday life, there are inevitable automatic control systems. The automatic regulation of the boat's course enables economical, reliable and high quality navigation with easy crew load. The management of a ship by autopilot is one of the earliest applications of automated control theory. The application for more sophisticated autopilots for ship management is mainly due to the desire to save fuel and improve performance. Since ship motion equations are non-linear, and model parameters depend on the speed of movement and the weather conditions, the theory of nonlinear control should be taken into account. It is, however, shown that in the construction of the autopilot when managing a ship's course, it is quite enough to use Nomoto's first-order ship model. This paper will show how to adjust the PID regulator parameters when managing the course of the ship, taking into account the real parameters of the ship

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